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Counting Atoms Model Activity (Elements, Compounds, Mixtures) Name:__________________________ Period:_________ Elements are one type of atom alone (gold atoms = Au), or the same type of atom bonded to each other as a molecule (O2 = oxygen molecule.). Notice that subscripts, like O2 indicate the number of atoms of the element to the left of the subscript. Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter in the universe. When atoms of different elements chemically bond together they form a compound, which is one complex item made of different elements bonded together. These bonded elements can only be separated by chemically breaking the bond. If more then one element or compound is present, this can be expressed with coefficients. For example, 2 H2O is two molecules of water, 4 Au is four gold atoms, and 5 O2 is five oxygen molecules. If more than one different element or compound exists in the same material and they are not chemically bonded, then we call the material a mixture. The separate items in the mixture can be physically separated. A good mixture example would be gold atoms floating around in water, Au & H2O In your bag you should find 13 nuts, 13 bolts, and 22 paper clips. The paper clips, bolts and nuts represent atoms of various elements. You will notice that each different type of element is represented by different type of atom. Below are the element symbols. Diagram below each name before doing the lab. Bo = boltium atoms P = paperclipium atoms Nu = nutogen atoms Directions: Your job is to make the substances listed below. As you make one, place it on the white board and label it’s chemical formula using the whiteboard markers. When you have them all made and labeled, call the instructor over to have them graded. Only after you are check, diagram them exactly on your report. Substance # 1: Nu3P2 Substance # 5: 3 Bo and Substance # 2: P(BoNu3)2 Substance # 6: 3 P Substance # 3: P2Nu and P2 P3 Substance # 7: 2 Bo2Nu Substance # 4: 2 P2 Substance # 8: 2 Bo and BoP3 Questions 1. Which of the above substances are elements? ___________________________________ 2. Which of the above substances are compounds? _________________________________ 3. Which of the above substances are mixtures? ___________________________________ 4. How many total atoms are in each of the above substances? #1______ #2______ #3______ #4______ #5______ #6______ #7______ 5. How can you look at any chemical formula and decide if it is an element or compound? 6. What do the large numbers (coefficients) in from of a formula tell you about the substance? 7. What do the little numbers (subscripts) describe? Transfer the models you have drawn on your whiteboard to this sheet of paper. Label each box as element, compound or mixture. Substance # 4: 3 Bo and P3 Substance # 1: Nu3P2 Substance # 2: P(BoNu3)2 Substance # 5: 3 P Substance # 3: P2Nu and P2 Substance # 6: 2 Bo2Nu Substance # 4: 2 P2 Substance # 8: 2 Bo and BoP3