Download How to Solve Topographical Maps - Helpline for ICSE Students

How to Solve Topographical Maps (PART I)
* Radial Drainage
*presence of a volcano or conical
mountain or hill
Symbols and their Importance:
* Dense Forest
* Heavy rainfall
* Disappearing stream:
*Area of inland drainage – a pattern of
streams that drain towards the center
of a basin instead of towards the sea
* Dry conditions; sandy soil
* Underground streams (limestone
areas)
* Unsuitable for agriculture
* Broken ground
*occupation – lumbering
* Open Jungle
* Moderate rainfall
* Scrubs
* High temperature
* Very low and scanty rainfall, especially
if the vegetation is scattered
* Ravines, badlands
Scrubs and stony waste
*lack of vegetation
* Mining
* Extensive erosion
* Desert conditions
* Seasonal flooding of rivers
* Poor soil
* Alternate wet and dry periods
* grazing of domestic animals
* Gulley erosion due to sudden heavy
rainfall
* Soft soil (which is good for
agriculture) and silt
* Dendritic Drainage
Open scrub with scattered trees
* Occupation – sheep/goat
rearing; animal rearing
* Less rain
* Scattered/Less Vegetation
* Rocks with uniform structure
* Low lying areas/plains
* Suitable for agriculture
* Suitable for agriculture
* Trellised Drainage
* Bands of rocks varying in resistance
* Hillside showing lack of vegetation
* Land cleared for terrace cultivation
* Alternate bands of hard and soft rocks
* Chalk country – porous rocks and
saturated during heavy rains
* Not suitable for agriculture
* Deciduous Forest
* High ground
* Green vegetation and brown contours
* Highland
* Water Points (ex: river banks, tanks, wells,
etc.)
* Unsuitable for agriculture
* Low rainfall
* grazing of animals
* Low ground water table
* Occupation – forestry
* Tops of steep plateaus may be used
for cultivation
* Settlement on high ground/hill tops
* For defense/protection
* To avoid floods
* Meandering River
* Flat gradient due to reduced gravity
and velocity
* Suitable for agriculture
* Causeway
* Scanty rain
* Dry stream
* River in its middle course
* Metalled Road
* Perennial Wells
* developed region
*high water table
With canals and tanks
* Intensive use of land for
agriculture
* Brick kiln
* Brick making
* Lime kiln
* Occupations – quarrying, mining
* Perennial Rivers/Streams
* Occupation – fishing
* Non – perennial Rivers/Seasonal Rivers
* Arid regions
* Seasonal rainfall
* Chalk country
* Unmetalled Road
* Undeveloped region
* Footpath
* Very steep regions
* Railway line with station (RS)
* Area of human settlement
* Tidal Rivers
* Near coasts
* Dry River Bed
* Semi-arid region
* Seasonal rainfall
* Perennial Tank
* Rocky/hilly terrain
* Tube Well
* Intensive use of land for agriculture
* Depression (Dep)
* Arid region
* On top of mounds/dunes
* Dam
* Sand Dunes
* To control floods
* Arid/desert conditions
* Irrigation
* Hydroelectricity
* Kilns, Mines, Quarries
* Human activity/occupation
* Palm Trees
* Settlements
* Desert and coastal soil
* Form Lines
* Bamboos
* Moderate to scanty rainfall
* Swamp
* Uneven ground
OR
* Sand dunes being leveled for
agricultural purposes
* Coastal region
* High water table
* Yellow Color Wash
* cultivated area
* Rock Outcrop
* Occupation – agriculture
* Scanty, desert-type vegetation
* White Color Wash
* Nucleated Settlement
* Uncultivated land
* Fertile plain/valley
* Productive land
* Cart tracks (motorable in dry season)
* Seasonal rainfall
* Dispersed Settlement
* Large farms
* Sparse population
OR
* Highland areas
* Occupation – livestock rearing
* Linear Settlement
* Near valleys/coasts