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Conductors and Insulators Define a conductor and insulator Conductivity -Why does currents flow through wires? Why does the plastic around the wire protect you? ● ● Conductivity- is the ability of an object to conduct (or allow the flow of) electric current Materials that allow this to happen are called conductors ○ ● most metals, silver, copper are great conductors Insulators are materials that do not allow currents to flow. Thus protecting you ○ example: plastic, glass, rubber, and wood Resistors ● Some materials are not good conductors or insulators ○ meaning they do not completely block the flow of current nor does it allow it to flow freely ● Resistors- allow electrical energy to be transformed into other forms of energy ○ example- the filament wire in a lightbulb is a resistor ● As the filament resists the flow of current, electrical energy is transformed into light and heat and the filament begins to glow and give off light Electromagnetism ● In 1820s, the Danish physicist and professor Hans Christian Oersted discovered that electricity and magnetism are related ○ this relationship is known as Electromagnetism ● When a compass is placed near a wire carrying an electric current the compass needles is deflected ○ ○ this means that the electric current produces a magnetic field When this wire is twisted into loops, the magnetism gets stronger. this is called a solenoid Examples of Electromagnetism ● Electromagnetic cranes are used at dumps and construction sites to lift large metal objects ● Electric motors, devices that transform electrical into mechanical energy, operate on principles electromagnetism ○ ○ ○ ○ doorbells telephones recording devices washing machines Safety Rules ● Our bodies are excellent conductors which is why we need to take precautions ● Don’t put fingers in electrical sockets ● Don’t use electrical devices near water ● Not using devices that have been torn or frayed ● only putting plugs in outlets ● not overloading the socket with too many devices Videos conductors/insulators https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=eTlO1LNFtmQ Bill Nye Season 1 Episode 18 https://www.hoopladigital.com/title/10023347