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Essentials of Geology Structure and composition of Earth Minerals & Rocks Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Solid Earth Minerals Identifying minerals Rocks Clasifying rocks Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Contents http://geologykitchen.com/ep01.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Minerals Color Reaction to acid Luster Taste Hardness Smell Streak Magnetization Crystal form Optical properties Cleavage Elasticity Fracture Specific gravity http://geologykitchen.com/ep02.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Identifying minerals Definition: Comprised of one or more minerals Naturally occurring rock minerals A collection of one or more minerals Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM mineral A collection of one or more types of atoms Rocks Three types of rocks: Igneous Formed by cooling from magma Sedimentary Metamorphic Formed by the breakdown of other rocks Formed when preexisting rocks are heated under pressure. http://geologykitchen.com/pilot.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Type of rocks Rocks inform us about geologic hazards, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, etc. Rocks hold important clues for understanding processes of weathering and erosion. Rocks enable us to understand our past & place our lives in proper evolutionary context. Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Importance of rocks Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava When are formed by the eruption of magma at the surface are called volcanic or extrusive, whereas when they are formed deep below the surface are called plutonic or intrusive. Texture is controlled by the cooling rate of the magma Cooling Rate Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Crystal Size http://geologykitchen.com/ep11.html Igneous rocks Derived through the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks. http://geologykitch en.com/ep03.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Sedimentary rocks http://geologykitchen.com/ep05.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Sedimentary rocks Marble Coarse grained, Parent: limestone (calcite) Color varies, depending on the presence of other minerals. http://geologykitchen.com/ep04.html Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Metamorphics rocks Classifying Rocks Rocks are classified by how they form and minerals are classified by their physical properties. Essentials of Geology Solid Earth Credits: E.J. Tarbuck, F.K. Lutgens. Earth Science. Pearson 14th Ed. (2015). Geology Kitchen http://geologykitchen.com/home.html Pilot Episode: The Three Types of Rocks - #1 What is a Mineral? - #2 Mineral Properties - #3 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks - #4 Metamorphism - #5 Chemical & Biological Sedimentary Rocks - #11 Igneous Rocks Bilingual group Faculty of Education, UCM Please send your comments and suggestions regarding this presentation to [email protected]
