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Henry Guan, Akash Kashyap, and Angus Qian Akash Kashyap http://peterbe.mobi/plog/interior-octopus/octopus.jpg Overview 85, 000 species Marine, Terrestrial, Freshwater habitats Very Diverse Classes: Chitons, Gastropods, Bivalves, Cephalopods Shelled cephlapods called ammonites http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/Protostomes/squid.jpg http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/Animal%20Diversity/Protostomes/Lophotrochozoans/chiton_dorsal_surface.jpg http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/Images/Helix-pomatia1.jpg http://www.xconomy.com/wordpress/wp-content/images/2008/12/scallop_eyes.jpg http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/publications/other/species-numbers/2009/04-02-groups-invertebrates.html#mollusca http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/virtual-wonders/ammonite/img0001.jpg Akash Kashyap Body Cavity and Symmetry Mollusks have a coelom Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid) Bilateral Symmetry Exception Visceral mass contains organs http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net/Locked/media/ch33/33_15MolluscBodyPlan-L.jpg http://www.museumeducation.bedford.gov.uk/Bedfordbytes/nature/images_nature/gallery_natural_objects/images/Scallop%20Shell_jpg.jpg http://infusion.allconet.org/webquest/PhylumMollusca.html http://fractalontology.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/nautilus.jpg Akash Kashyap Nervous System 2 main nerve cords, 3 in bivalves Visceral – internal organs, Pedal – foot Ganglia – “control rooms” throughout body Cerebral ganglia = eyes’ interaction with brain, pedal ganglia = foot, commissures Brain, Cephalopod most developed http://infusion.allconet.org/webquest/PhylumMollusca.html http://faculty.vassar.edu/mehaffey/academic/animalstructure/outlines/mollusca.html http://www.oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/mollusk.html Akash Kashyap Circulatory System Open circulatory system Small coeloms surround heart and gonads Hemocyanin as oxygen carrier Atria of heart functions as part of excretory system http://www.esu.edu/~milewski/intro_biol_two/lab__11_mollusca/images/bivalve_circulatory.jpg http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zool250/Labs/Lab07/Loligo-circ-syst.GIF http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusca Angus Qian Digestive System Most Mollusks have a radula Cephalopods have a beak Mouths contain glands that produce mucus Cilia in the digestive system sort out particles in the mucus Large food particles are sent to the cecum http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/octopus-mantle.jpg http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/pix/ham.jpg http://www.seaslugforum.net/images/gut2.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusca Angus Qian Excretory System Atria of heart filters waste in blood Waste sent to kidneys as urine Nephridia collect salvageable materials (return to body) and remaining materials released in urine Waste sent to mantle for expulsion http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusca http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/rsfoximages2/bivalve142a_x550_x_413x.gif Artia doesn’t “filter “ No Kidney like you see in us . . Use Nephridia (kidney precursor) Angus Qian Locomotive/Musculature All molluscs have a muscular foot In chitins, foot acts as a suction cup In bivalves foot is modified into a burrowing organ In cephalopods foot in used in jet propulsion Gastropods use the mucus produced in the mouth the mouth to slide along http://www.freewebs.com/adoptamollusk/organsystems.htm http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/Laboratories/Bio%20Pix%204%20U/Image95.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusca http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Molluscs/Images/mollusc_classes.jpg Angus Qian Sensory Structures / Features •Eyes •Big and developed to small and basic •Tentacles (Gastropods, Cephalopods) •Touch, Smell •Statocysts •Balance •Osphridia •Mainly used to test incoming water •Helps gills http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/IMAGES/squid_radula.gif http://www.pirx.com/gallery/albums/mollusks/radula.jpg Henry Guan Skeletal Type Mainly Exo-Skeletons Mantle excretes shell Chitin, Conchiolin, Hardened with Calcium Carbonate Squid’s have a style, support Slugs, Squid, Octopuses lost shell during evolution http://www.worldzootoday.com/wpcontent/uploads/2009/03/aleqm5jnf mrfbli15mifyiejseclvsvdgg.jpeg Henry Guan Reproduction Mollusks can be hermaphrodites, or dioecious Gonads in visceral mass Larval stage called trochophore Usually external fertilization (No Copulation) Can also go through mating rituals This involves copulation http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2418/2265118301_dbcd6bdfd8_o.jpg http://imgs.sfgate.com/c/pictures/2008/04/17/ba_octo1.jpg Henry Guan Gas Exchange •Gills •Filmaents (cilia) help gills •Osphridia also help •No gills, gasses diffuse through mantle wall http://i14.tinypic.com/2emev07.gif Henry Guan Unique Features Largest Eyes in all of Animalia Kingdom Colossal Squid! Up to 46 Feet Largest known Invertebrate http://photos.mongabay.com/07/0223cs2.jpg http://www.benjaminmccormick.com/imgphotos/smallSquid_Eye_m.jpg Henry Guan Quiz Questions What other system (no Circulatory) do the atria of the heart come into play with? Excretory What are the two main components of the mollusks’ exoskeleton? Calcium Carbonate Chitin What category in the mollusks do not have coelom? Cephalopods Fertilization for mollusks usually happens where? External Fertilization Usually in the ocean/water