Download Chapter 19

PowerPoint Presentation to Accompany
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1
Chapter 19
The Hip and Pelvis
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2
Objectives
• Upon completion of this chapter, you
should be able to:
– Explain the importance of the hip and pelvis
as a support structure for the human body
– Describe the skeletal structure of the hip and
pelvis
– List the primary muscles of the hip and pelvis
– Describe common injuries associated with the
hip and pelvis
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
33
The Hip and Pelvis
• The hip is one of the most stable joints in
the body
– Well protected and surrounded by muscle
– Freely movable, ball-and-socket joint
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
44
The Hip and Pelvis (cont’d.)
• The pelvis:
– Provides attachments for various muscles that
attach onto and control the lower limbs
– Houses parts of the digestive and urinary
tracts
– Houses reproductive systems
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
55
The Hip and Pelvis (cont’d.)
• Skeletal structure of the pelvis:
– Ilium
– Sacrum
– Ischium
– Pubis
– Coccyx
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
66
Common Injuries and
Conditions of the Hip and Thigh
• Bursitis
– Commonly seen in athletes who do not
sufficiently stretch and warm up the outside of
the hip
• Symptoms: tenderness
• Treatment: limiting activity, stretching exercises,
and ice massage, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medicines
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
77
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Hip fracture
– Break of the top part of the femur where it
connects to the pelvis
• Symptoms: severe hip pain
• Treatment: highly individualized
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
88
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Quadriceps and hip flexor strains
– Common in sports requiring jumping,
kicking, or repetitive sprinting
• Treatment: icing, compression with an elastic
wrap, and anti-inflammatory medications
• Rehabilitation: progressive and sport specific
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
99
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Hamstring strains
– Mild or moderate damage in the muscle tissue
– Completely tearing the muscles or separating
them from connective tendons is a hamstring
tear
• Symptoms: sharp pain in the back of the thigh,
bruising, swelling, loss of strength, and hearing a
“pop”
• Treatment: RICE, medication, and physical therapy
and rehabilitation
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1010
Animation – Hamstring Strain
Click Here to Play Hamstring Strain Animation
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
11
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Adductor (groin) strains
– Common in sports requiring sudden sideways
changes in direction
• Treatment: rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory
medications, adductor stretching and
strengthening exercises
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1212
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Iliotibial band syndrome
– Inflammation of iliotibial band
• Symptoms: irritation over the outside of the knee
joint
• Treatment: rule out mechanical problems or
training errors, proper footwear, icing the area of
pain, and stretching
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1313
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Quadriceps contusions
– Usually caused by a direct blow to the thigh
• Treatment: compression, ice (applied during the
first 24 to 48 hours), and crutches
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1414
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Myositis ossificans
– Usually the result of recurrent trauma to a
quadricep muscle that was not properly
protected after an initial injury
• Symptoms: hard, painful mass in the soft tissue of
the thigh and progressive loss of bending motion of
the injured knee
• Treatment: heat, limitation of joint motion,
rehabilitative exercises within the limits of pain;
surgery may be necessary
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1515
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Iliac crest contusion
– Painful injury caused by a direct blow to the
hip
• Symptoms: extreme tenderness, swelling, and
ecchymosis over the iliac crest
• Treatment: ice and compression
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1616
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Overuse injuries
– Cumulative effect of very low levels of stress
– Include chronic muscle strains, stress
fractures, tendonitis, snapping hip, and
bursitis
• Treatment: rest and exercise different body parts
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1717
Injuries and Conditions (cont’d.)
• Stress fractures:
– Pelvis stress fractures occur most often in
runners and dancers
– Femur stress fractures usually occur in
runners
• Symptoms: chronic, ill-defined pain over the groin
and thigh
• Treatment: rest and nonweight-bearing endurance
exercises
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1818
Conclusion
• The hip is a stable joint that is well
protected and surrounded by muscle on all
sides
• The pelvis is made up of several flattened
bones that function as a support structure
• Injuries to the hip and thigh are very
common in athletics
©©2011
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
2010
Delmar,
Cengage
Learning
1919