Download Chapter 2 “Exploring the Americas” Essential Questions

Chapter 2 “Exploring the Americas”
Essential Questions:
1. How do new ideas change the
way people live?
2. Why do people trade?
3. What are the consequences when
cultures interact?
The Crusades
The Holy Land
1. Area including
Jerusalem & surrounding
lands considered holy
by Christians, Muslims, &
Jews
2. About 1077, Seljuk Turks
prevented Christians
from visiting holy places
3. Pope Urban II called for
a holy war to seize
Jerusalem in 1095
4.Military Expeditions—called crusades —
continued off & on for about 150 years
5. Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099 but lost it
90 yrs later
6. Crusaders bring back goods from Middle East
7. Perfume, silk, spices
Growth of Trade
2. Merchants traded along the
Mongol Invaders
Silk Road, an overland trade
1. By 1279 Mongol
route running from China to
ruler Kublai Khan
ruled an empire that
the Black Sea/Middle East
stretched from
China’s southern
coast to the Black
3. Camels & horses loaded w/
Sea
goods
4. Fur, ceramic, jade
cinnamon, silk
Empires in Asia cont.
The Ming Dynasty
1) Overthrew Mongols in China in
1368
2) Built large fleet, traded w/
India & Arabia –also brought
goods from far east to trade
3) Fleet commanders led
expeditions that brought
wealth & knowledge to
4) China
5) Zheng He- commanded
Treasure Fleet
Over 300 ships, 27,000 men
Made maps sailed all over
world
The Growth of Ideas…
The Renaissance
1) Began in
Italy in
1300s–
spread
across Euro
2) Rebirth of
learning &
art of
ancient
Greeks &
Romans
The Renaissance cont.
A. Arts
Supported by wealthy
merchants
Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, Raphael,
Donatello– masters
of paint, sculpture
TECHNOLOGY
1) Johannes Gutenberg
2)printing press w/ moveable type
3) Made books more available &
cheaper
4)Spread ideas faster
5) Bible & Marco Polo’s Travels
Marco
Polo
merchant family
1) Venetian
2) Work for Kublai
Khan 17 yrs
3) Wrote popular
book on travels
4) Made people want
to learn more
about Asia
5) Euros begin
looking for better
routes to Asia
Technology cont.
1) Astrolabe –
navigation invention
2) learn location by
using stars
3) Magnetic compass
4) also help sailors
navigate
1) Brought experts to
2)
3)
4)
5)
prep for exploration
Mapmakers,
shipbuilders, sailors,
astronomers
Developed new ship—
Caravel
Sm ship, moved
quickly, handled well
Triangular sails–
could sail into wind, in
and out of coastlines
Kingdoms & Empires in Africa
• 400-1600 AD
• Powerful kingdoms in Af flourished
• Wealth came from mining & trade
• Ivory, metals, gold, & slaves
• Portuguese set up trading posts along Af
• Ghana, Mali & Songhai Af trading empires