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WWII
Introduction:
• Most devastating war in human history
• 55 million dead
• 1 trillion dollars
• Began in 1939 as strictly a European
Conflict
• Widened to include most of the world
Causes
• Great Depression
Rise of Fascist
dictators
• WWI and Treaty of Versailles
Germany had to pay reparations and “war
guilt” clause.
Italy denied territories it wanted
• Failure of League of Nations
• Policy of Appeasement
• World Domination-Extreme Nationalism
• Japan victorious but wanted China
• Germany wanted to created a “Third Reich” an
empire to last 1,000 years
Rise of Hitler
• Nazi Party organized, 1920s
• Nazi party largest in Germany, 1932
• Hitler voted as chancellor, 1933
• New parliament created
• 450, 000 members
• Larger than German army
German Territorial Gains
• Austria – March, 1938
• Munich Pact gives part of Czechoslovakia
(Sudetenland) – Sept., 1938
• All of Czechoslovakia – March, 1939
• Poland – Sept., 1939
• By Summer of 1940, Germany Controlled
Most of Europe
• World shocked as France falls to Germans
Significant Events of
World War II
Dates and Events that changed
the world
Major Leaders
Axis Powers
Adolf Hitler
Nazi Germany
Hideki Tojo
Japan
Benito Mussolini
Italy
Emperor
Hirohito
Japan
8
Major Leaders
Allies
Joseph Stalin
Soviet Leader
Winston
Churchill
British Prime Minister
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
US President
10
Major Leaders
11
Harry S. Truman
US President
September 1, 1939
• Germany invades
Poland using the
Blitzkrieg (“lightning
war”)
• England and France,
declare war on
Germany
• United States again
chooses isolationism
and neutrality
Blitzkrieg
Fall of France
1940
May 10, 1940
• Fall of France
• France surrenders June
25
• Total Victory for
Germany except for:
• “Miracle at Dunkirk”
– Germany does not attack
with army
– Allows most of the
British forces to escape
and fight again another
day
July 1940
• The Battle of Britain
• 3 month air war between Luftwaffe and RAF
• Germany suffers a major defeat
Reason’s for British victory:
•RADAR
•Over home soil
•More gas/time to fight
•Easier to save pilots
•Germans change tactics
•Attack English cities
•Stop attacks on
English air force
December 7, 1941
“… a date which will live in
infamy.”
• Japan sneak attacks
Pearl Harbor on
Sunday morning
• 18 ships sunk or badly
damaged
• 188 planes destroyed
and 159 damaged
• 2403 U.S. Military
killed (1102 Arizona)
& 1178 wounded
• America enters war
with Allies
Damages
Pearl Harbor
Dec. 7, 1941
USS Arizona
Allies United:
U.S.S.R, The U.S., and England.
1942: The Tide Turns
• Battle of Midway
– Resounding U.S. Naval
Victory over Japan in
Pacific
• Battle of El-Alamein
– Resounding British Army
Victory over Germany and
Italy in Africa
• Battle of Stalingrad
– Resounding Soviet Army
Victory over Germany in
USSR
September 1943
• Italy signs armistice
with Allies (1st Axis
country to leave war)
• Germans disarm their
allies and take over
military defenses
• Germany continues to
fight in Italy until
1945
June 6, 1944
• D-Day of Operation
Overlord
• Led by Supreme Allied
Commander Dwight D.
Eisenhower
• Nearly 250,000 men and
boys participated in the
invasion of Normandy
region of France
• The battle for the beachhead
lasted nearly 2 months
• This was the beginning of
the end for Hitler and
Germany
Normandy Invasion,
D-Day
D-Day
Landing on Normandy Beach
December 1944 – January 1945
• Germany last desperate attack to win the
war
• The Battle of the Bulge
• Hitler’s army had broken through the allied
line creating a bulge.
• U.S. and allied troops had pushed back the
bulge by mid January.
Spring 1945
• April 12 FDR dies in
office
• April 30th – Hitler
commits suicide
• May 7th – Germany
formally surrenders
• Gen. Eisenhower: “The
mission of this allied force was
fulfilled at 0241 local time,
May 7th 1945.”
• May 8th – V-E (Victory in
Europe) Day declared
August 1945
• America’s secret
development of the A-Bomb
= “Manhattan Project”
• President Harry S. Truman
and U.S. drop 1st atomic
bomb on Hiroshima killing
80,000 people (“Little Boy”)
August 1945
• August 9th
U.S. drops 2nd
atomic bomb of
Nagasaki killing
70,000 people (“Fat
Man”)
August 1945
August 15th

Japan surrenders on
battleship U.S.S. Missouri

V-J Day (Victory over
Japan) Declared
Results of World War II
• America gets out of the Great Depression
• Introduction of weapons of mass destruction
(nuclear weapons)
• Start of Cold War
• United Nations formed (new and improved
League of Nations)
• Israel established as country for all Jews
Related Websites
• World War II Timeline
http://history.acusd.edu/gen/ww2Timeline/s
tart.html
• National World War II Memorial
http://www.wwiimemorial.com/
• National D-Day Museum
http://www.ddaymuseum.org/
Hitler Gets Busy
•
•
•
•
•
Gestapo Created -- April, 1933
Jewish Boycott – April, 1933
Jewish Books Banned & Burned – May, 1933
27,000 People in Camps – July, 1933
Kristallnacht (“Night of the Broken Glass”) –
November 1938
• Illegal to Leave Germany – October, 1941
• French and Britain unsure
• U.S. isolationist
February, March, & April 1942
• February 19th – Executive Order 9066
Internment of 110,000 Japanese
Americans in 48 states (California)
• April 18th – Doolittle Raid
16 B-25 bombers from the USS Hornet fly
666 miles to bomb Tokyo.
• April – Bataan Death March
5000-10,000 Filipinos & 500-600 U.S. Dead
5000 U.S. died in Camps.
Japan never ratified 1929 Geneva Agreement