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MUSCULAR SYSTEM You are expected to be able to identify these muscles on the models. Cadavers may be used in your lab to assist your learning – however, cadavers will NOT be on the practical exam. HEAD & NECK Move the head: Sternocleidomastoid Facial expression: Frontalis (frontal belly of epicranius) Occipitalis (occipital belly of epicranius) Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis oris Mentalis (models) Levator labii superioris (models) Depressor labii inferioris (models) Buccinator Risorius Depressor anguli oris Zygomaticus major and minor Muscles that move the tongue: Genioglossus (tongue model) Styloglossus Hyoglossus (picture in text) Mastication: Masseter Temporalis (deep to temperoparietalis) Suprahyoid muscles (elevate hyoid) Digastric – anterior and posterior bellies Mylohyoid Geniohyoid (tongue model Stylohyoid Infrahyoid muscles (depress hyoid) Sternohyoid Sternothyroid Omohyoid – superior and inferior bellies Thyrohyoid Posteior compartment of neck: Levator scapulae Scalenes – anterior, medial and posterior Splenius capitis Miscellaneous head/neck muscles: Temperoparietalis (also known as superior auricular) TORSO & ABDOMEN Pectoralis major and minor Serratus anterior External & Internal oblique Transversus & Rectus abdominus Linea alba and tendinous inscriptions of the abdomen Aponeurosis of the external oblique and the inguinal ligament Aponeurosis of the transverses abdominus Intercostals – external and internal Diaphragm BACK Latissimus dorsi Rhomboideus major and minor (deep to trapezius) Trapezius – three regions Teres major Rotator cuff muscles: Teres minor Subscapularis Supraspinatus & infraspinatus UPPER EXTREMITY - ARM Deltoid Flexors of forearm: Biceps brachii – both heads Brachialis Brachioradialis Coracobrachialis Extensors of Forearm: Triceps brachii – all three heads Anconeus (cubitalis riolani) Flexors of the hand/fingers – NOT THE INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES!!! Extensors of the hand/fingers – NOT THE INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES!!! Flexor retinaculum (roof of the carpal tunnel) Extensor retinaculum PELVIS Iliooccygeus, pubococcygeus - Levator ani Coccygeus Quadratus lumborum LOWER EXTREMITY Extensors of Hip: Gluteus maximus 3 hamstrings Adductor magnus Flexors of Hip: Iliacus + Psoas major = Iliopsoas Sartorius Tensor fascia latae – with its iliotibial tract Rectus femoris 4 adductors of the hip Abductors of Hip: Gluteus medius & gluteus minimus (under gluteus medius) Tensor fascia latae – with its iliotibial tract Piriformis Superior and inferior gemellar muscles Obturator internus Quadratus femoris Adductors of Hip: Adductor longus Adductor magnus Adductor brevis (don’t need to find) Pectineus (under the femoral artery and nerve) Gracilis Extensors of Knee: Quadriceps femoris - also known as rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis & vastus intermedius Flexors of Knee: Gracilis Sartorius Hamstrings: Biceps femoris (long & short heads), Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius (lateral and medial bellies) Popliteus Anterior compartment of leg: Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Posterior compartment of leg: Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior (under soleus) Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallicis longus Achilles tendon (calcaneal tendon) Lateral aspect of leg: Fibularis (peroneus) longus & brevis