Download Absolute Monarchies

Standard 7.2
The student will demonstrate an
understanding of the concept of
absolute monarchies and
constitutional government in the
seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries.
????
What was the legacy
of the Magna Carta?
England's future
sovereigns and
magistrates
would be within
the rule of law.
King John put his seal
to what famous
document?
The Magna
Carta
What does SEPARATION of
CHURCH & STATE mean!
Our government does not have
the power to tell us what
church to go to.
what it’s
not
what it is
lineage
So what?
context
????
To what document did
our founding fathers
go when it was time to
write our constitution?
The Magna
Carta
What U.S. document is
the “supreme law of
the land”?
The U.S. constitution!
????
Define secede.
Come after - replace!
Explain the concept of
divine right to rule.
Right to rule given by God
Name 2 English
monarchs.
Elizabeth I and James I
Why were monarchs
considered to be
ABSOLUTE rulers?
They believed kings & queens
were given divine right to rule
from God
English parliament is
kind of like our what?
U.S. Congress
How many senators
does each state in the
U.S. have?
what it’s
not
what it is
parliament
So what?
context
The English Civil War
1642 – 1649
Royalists / Cavaliers = loyal to King Charles
Roundheads = Puritan supporters of Parliament
Stalemate until Puritans discovered
Oliver Cromwell!
Tried King Charles for treason &
publicly executed him!
REVOLUTIONARY!
????
Why did James I and
parliament fight?
Parliament was used to having
big say in government – James I
wanted absolute power
What did parliament
insist on before they
passed any more tax
laws for James I?
Parliament wanted James I to
check with them first before
making any more laws.
Who seceded James I?
King Charles I
Analyze
this
caricature
of King
Charles!
What was the Petition
of Right?
Increased basic rights of
citizens AND gave parliament
sole power to tax people
Why did the Puritans
dislike the Church of
England?
Puritans thought the Church of
England was too much like
Catholics.
How did King Charles
meet his demise?
Convicted of treason and
beheaded!
Stick figures – absolutism in France
The RULE of
OLIVER
CROMWELL
Cromwell & the Puritans
• Sought to reform
society
• Made laws to
abolish sinful
activities
• 1649 – abolished
monarchy &
established
COMMONWEALTH =
republican form of
gov’t
• Wrote 1st modern
English constitution
BUT then destroyed it
& became military
dictator
• POWER HUNGRY!
Restoration & Revolution!!
• New
Parliament
• Charles II
reigns
• Celebration!
• Monarchy
restored!
Reign of Charles II
• Period of his rule = RESTORATION
• Habeas corpus
• Parliamentary debate over Charles II’s
successor (no sons – brother, James, was
Catholic!)
• Beginning of political parties (WHIGS =
opposed James / TORIES = supported James)
• Charles died – James did indeed become king
in 1685
Are you paying
what it’s
not
what it is
Habeas
Corpus
So what?
context
?????
What is habeas
corpus?
Gov’t cannot hold you
for a crime without
officially charging you
& bringing you before
a judge
Ohhh James – What were you
thinking????
• Offended subjects by displaying
Catholicism
• Appointed Catholics to high office which
broke the law
• Dissolved Parliament when it disagreed
with him
• Had son & England feared a succession of
Catholic kings! EEE – gads!
• Sooooo . . .
Parliament asked James
II’s daughter, Mary (a
Protestant), & her hubby,
William (a Netherland prince), to
overthrow James for the
sake of Protestantism
William led army to London in 1688
– woosy James fled to France!
GLORIOUS
REVOLUTION!
(bloodless overthrow of King James II)
Glorious Revolution !
Why was the
GLORIOUS
REVOLUTION
so glorious?
Glorious Revolution
Start
here!
After the Glorious Revolution . . .
• Several measures were
taken in England that
would be classified as
actions promoting a
limited government.
• These measures
included a continuing
move toward
Parliamentary
supremacy and the
protection of individual
rights with the
establishment of the
English Bill of Rights.
After the Glorious Revolution . . .
• France and Russia are two
nations that continued to
operate under and develop
an unlimited government
during this time.
• Both created an absolutist
system that concentrated
power in the hands of the
monarch.
• Rights and freedoms were
severely limited and the few
which did exist could be
cast aside through the
actions of the monarch.
After the Glorious Revolution . . .
Three common
ways that France
and Russia
displayed
unlimited
authority were in
raising taxes, in
dissolving the
legislative body,
and in using the
military to enforce
its policies.
• In a limited
government there
are restraints
placed upon the
power and
authority of
government
• In an unlimited
government,
individual rights
and freedoms are
curbed and
citizens are
expected to
display total
obedience to the
government.
Absolutism – UNLIMITED GOV’T
•Totalitarianism
•Dictatorship
•Authoritarianism
•Autocracy
•Despotism
Authoritarian and
totalitarian systems
would be classified as
unlimited
governments since
both have no real
restrictions to control
their actions against
citizens and citizens
have no recourse
against the
government.
There are many ways to restrain the power of government and
create a structure that is limited in nature.
• constitutionalism (incorporating
the principle of rule of law)
• democracy (granting people
authority in the functioning of
government)
• separation of powers
(distributing the legislative,
executive judicial powers to
several government bodies rather
than allowing the concentration
of these powers into one body or
person).
Write a response that argues your
opinion of this quote!
Do you agree or disagree?
Write the
quote on
the top of
your
paper!
Jot down
everything
you think
of when
you read
the quote!
Take a stance!
Decide
whether you
are for or
against the
quote. This
will be your
lead
statement.
Write down 3
reasons you
have that
opinion. Be
specific!
(This is your
thesis
statement)
Now you’re
reading to
organize your
response!
Complete the
essay outline!
Pass
the
Folder
Louis XIV
Louis XIV – stick figure story!