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Download Russia Political and Economic Change Jared Zieser
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Jared Zieser Russia: Political & Economic Change Important Periods/Regime Changes ● 1917 Bolshevik Revolution ● 1991 Dissolution of USSR ● 2000 From Liberal to Illiberal/Managed Democracy - From Tsarist monarchy to Communist One-Party Authoritarianism 1991 Dissolution of USSR - From Communist One-Party Authoritarianism to Free-Wheeling Mixed Parliamentary Multi-Party Capitalism Revolution of 1917 ● 1905 “Revolution” ● WW1, 1917 Revolution The End of the Soviet Union ● August 1991 Coup attempt against Gorbachev ● December 25, 1991 -- Gorbachev resignation Clips of Gorbachev Resigning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lPjMh1zpEo Gini Index Economic Reform Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia moved from a centrally planned economy to a globally integrated market economy. - Centrally planned economy: What is produced, how it’s produced, and for whom it’s produced is decided by the government. - Globally integrated market economy: Decisions regarding investment, production, and distribution are based on the interplay of supply and demand, which determine the price of goods and services. GDP Comparison - Russia and The World Political Reform Party of Power - Democratic Russia (1990-1993) - Choice of Russia (1993-1995) - Our Home-Russia (1995-1999) - Unity (1999-2001) - United Russia (2001-Present) The current Party of Power is United Russia. United Russia is Democratization - Gorbachev wanted to keep old structure of USSR - New congress of People’s Deputies - Created a new position of “president” - New deputies were critical of Gorbachev Glasnost” = Openness 1985 - 1990 ● Open discussion of political, social and economic issues ● Open criticism of the government “Perestroika” = Restructuring (of economy) 1985 - 1991 ● Privatization of state-owned industries ● Authorization of some privately owned companies ● Penalties for under-performing state factories ● Leasing of farm land outside of collective farms ● Price reforms ● Encouragement of joint ventures with foreign companies Yeltsin’s “Shock Therapy” 1991 - 1998 ● Macroeconomic stabilization program ● Fiscal and monetary discipline ● Slashed government spending ● Squeezed money supply ● Continued Privatization State Owned Industries - Russian Federation has approximately 4,100 State owned enterprises. - Accounted for 39% of employment in 2007. - In 1990 it account for 80% Privatization - Voucher Privatization - Privatization in the 1990’s - Privatization of oil sector. - October or 2010 Privatization. Democratic Consolidation - The Russian Federation has not consolidated democracy. - The constitution of 1993 is not conducive to democratic consolidation. Fragmentation Globalization - Sovereign globalization. - Managing the terms of economic engagement - Vladimir Putin is anti-globalization as opposed to when he was first elected when he was very much for globalization, and even said the country couldn’t be prosperous without globalization Quiz 1) In what year did Boris Yeltsin become president? 2) Who was behind the coup attempt in August of 1991? 3) Define a Market economy and compare it to a planned economy. 4) Approximately how many private enterprises are in the Russian Federation? Works Cited History.com Staff. "Russian Revolution." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. Kara-Murza, Vladimir. "Russia's New Parties: First Results of." Institute of Modern Russia. N.p., 14 Aug. 2012. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. Russian Economic Reform." Russian Economic Reform. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. "Russia's Sovereign Globalization: Rise, Fall and Future." Chatham House. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017. "Putin's Anti-globalisation Strategy." OpenDemocracy. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017 "Accounting for the Failure of Russia to Consolidate Democracy." E-International Relations. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2017
