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STEREOTYPE BIAS
Office of Diversity
Workshop Module #2
“The relevance of stereotype bias”
UNDERSTANDING THE
CONTEXT
WHAT IS IT?
• Definition
– A perceiver's actions, although based upon initially erroneous beliefs
about a target individual may channel social interaction in ways that
cause the behavior of the target to confirm the perceiver's beliefs.
• Clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjghjnQD7hk
– Combinations of warmth and competence generate distinct emotions
of admiration, contempt, envy, and pity. From these inter- group
emotions and stereotypes, the behavior from intergroup affect and
stereotypes (BIAS) map predicts distinct behaviors: active and
passive, facilitative and harmful
Sources:
http://europhd.eu/html/_onda02/07/PDF/17th_lab_scientificmaterials/guan/cuddy_fiske_glick_2007.pdf
http://www.people.hbs.edu/acuddy/2008,cuddy,fiske,%26glick,Advances.pdf
STEREOTYPE BIAS MAP
EXPRESSIONS OF BIAS
•
Fueled by Social Perception
– Social perception is one important component of social competence and social success
•
Includes:
– 3 Domains of Competence
•
•
•
1. Knowing that others have thoughts, beliefs, emotions, intentions, desires, etc.
2. Being able to “read” other people’s inner states based on their words, behavior, facial expression
3. Adjusting one’s actions based on those “readings”
– Combinations of warmth and competence generate distinct emotions
•
•
•
•
Admiration
Contempt
Envy
Pity
Sources:
http://www.projectlearnet.org/tutorials/social_perception.html
http://jefferson.library.millersville.edu/reserve/COMM301_Paul_SocialPerception.pdf
TYPES OF BIAS
• Two dominant types:
– Inter-Group
• Explicit vs. Implicit
– Out-Group
• Event Related Potential
Sources:
http://www.uky.edu/AS/PoliSci/Peffley/pdf/Sniderman/Amodio_et_al_2008_JPSP_Individual%20Differences%20in%20the%20Regulatio
n%20of%20Intergroup%20Bias.pdf
http://www-personal.umich.edu/~prestos/Downloads/DC/9-30_Hewstoneetal2002.pdf
THE WORKPLACE
• Stereotype
– Within the workplace environment, entrepreneurs were
perceived to have predominantly masculine
characteristics.
– Both men and women perceive entrepreneurs to have
characteristics similar to those of males (masculine
gender role stereotype), only women also perceived
entrepreneurs and females as having similar
characteristics (feminine gender-role stereotype).
Source:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00296.x/full
GENDER
• Stereotype:
– Women are more communal (selfless and concerned with
others) and less agentic (self-assertive and motivated to
master) than men.
• Result:
– Women are more likely to hold positions of lower status and
authority
– Women are more likely than men to be Less homemakers
– Less likely to be employed in the paid work force
Source:
http://gribouts.free.fr/psycho/menace%20du%20st%E9r%E9o/eagly-roles%20sociaux.pdf
RACE
• Implicit Race Bias
– Implicit stereotyping and prejudice often appear
as a single process in behavior, yet functional
neuro-anatomy suggests that they arise from
fundamentally distinct substrates associated with
semantic versus affective memory systems
Source:
http://www.psych.nyu.edu/amodiolab/Publications_files/Amodio_Devine_2006.pdf
AGE
• Context
– There is suggestion of age bias of older individuals rather than
younger
• Stereotype
– Younger individuals lack commonsense, are more technologically
advanced than old persons, more efficient in the workplace, have
more energy
– Old persons lack current, up-to-date information and skills, need
supervision, are useless after age 60
• Result
– Job-threat, devaluing opposite group
Source:
http://bschool.nus.edu/departments/ManagementNOrganization/publication/RichArveypublist/meta-analysix-age%20bias.pdf
SOCIAL CLASS
• Stereotype:
– Lower or working-class individuals are less likely to
graduate high school
– More likely to commit crime
– More likely to be obese
– To be portrayed as physically out of control, loud, overly
sexual, and dress in loud and inappropriate clothing
– Be incompetent
Source:
http://workingclassstudies.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/stereotyping-the-working-class/
ABLEISM
• Stereotype
– Disabled people are victims, exotic freaks, clowns,
pitiful and sweet, burden and outcast, deviant,
inspirations, incapable of full participation in every
day life
• Result
– Shun or not included in every day activities, looked
down on, pitied, seen as incompetent, treated
different
Source:
http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20849.pdf
“How to eliminate stereotype bias”
DIMINISHING THE BARRIERS
COMMUNICATION IS KEY
• Stereotypes help people connect with others in the
community
• Communicators tend to share more stereotypeconsistent information rather than stereotypeinconsistent information
• Be open to learning about and sharing with other
individuals from diverse backgrounds, that may be
unfamiliar to you.
Source:
http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/93/6/1028/
TAKING THE NEXT STEP
• Contrarily, mistaken social perceptions lead to
self-fulfilling prophecies
– Steps to breaking the barriers include:
1. Understand the Problem
–
–
Re-evaluate where your information about the group came
from
Getting to know the individual, not the group objectively
2. Environment Support
–
Everyday communication with peers, family, and others of
diverse backgrounds
3. Instructional Strategies to Assist
1.
Social perception training including discu
REFERENCES
http://europhd.eu/html/_onda02/07/PDF/17th_lab_scientificmaterials/guan/cuddy_fiske_glick_2007.p
df

http://www.people.hbs.edu/acuddy/2008,cuddy,fiske,%26glick,Advances.pdf

http://www.projectlearnet.org/tutorials/social_perception.html

http://jefferson.library.millersville.edu/reserve/COMM301_Paul_SocialPerception.pdf

http://www.uky.edu/AS/PoliSci/Peffley/pdf/Sniderman/Amodio_et_al_2008_JPSP_Individual%20Dif
ferences%20in%20the%20Regulation%20of%20Intergroup%20Bias.pdf

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~prestos/Downloads/DC/9-30_Hewstoneetal2002.pdf

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00296.x/full

http://gribouts.free.fr/psycho/menace%20du%20st%E9r%E9o/eagly-roles%20sociaux.pdf

http://www.psych.nyu.edu/amodiolab/Publications_files/Amodio_Devine_2006.pdf

http://bschool.nus.edu/departments/ManagementNOrganization/publication/RichArveypublist/
meta-analysix-age%20bias.pdf

http://workingclassstudies.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/stereotyping-the-working-class/

http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20849.pdf

http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/93/6/1028/
ANY QUESTIONS?
Thank You!
Office of Diversity
Indiana State University
200 N. 7th St., Rankin 426
Terre Haute, IN 47809