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Converts sugar into ATP using oxygen
ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate
P
P
P
Adenosine
P
Adenosine
P
PEnergy
(heat)
• What is it?
– Energy molecule
• How store energy?
– Energy stored in chemical
bonds
– Energy is released when
ATP is broken into ADP
• Why needed?
– ATP used for cellular
activities
• ATP recreated when ADP + P
rejoined
Cellular Respiration
•
•
•
•
Who: All cells
Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP
1 glucose = 36/38 ATP (carbs = preferred source)
Exothermic reaction: reaction that releases heat
Step 1: Glycolysis
• In cytoplasm of cell
• Anaerobic process (does not require oxygen)
• What happens?
– Glucose (from our food) is broken down
• How it happens?
– 2 ATP split glucose into 2 three-carbon molecules called pyruvate
– 2 ATP molecules released for use by the cell
– Pyruvate enters mitochondria
Step 1: Glycolysis
glucose
Mitochondria
C
C
C
C
C
C
ADP
ADP
P
P
P
ADP
P
P
ADP
P
ADP
• In cytoplasm
• What happens?
– Glucose (from our food) is broken down
– 2 ATP molecules released for use by the cell
– Broken pieces of glucose enter mitochondria
ADP
P
• The Krebs cycle transfers energy to an electron
transport chain:
Krebs Cycle
– takes place in
mitochondrial matrix
– breaks down pyruvate
molecules from glycolysis
– makes a small amount of ATP
– releases carbon dioxide
– transfers energy-carrying
molecules to the
electon transport chain
1
mitochondrion
ATP
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
and
6CO
2
energy
2
3
energy from
glycolysis
6O 2
and
inner membrane
ATP
and
6H 2O
4
• The electron transport chain produces a large
amount of ATP.
– takes place in inner
membrane
– energy transferred to
electron transport chain
– oxygen enters process
– ATP produced
– water released as a
waste product
1
mitochondrion
ATP
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
and
6CO 2
energy
Electron Transport
3
energy from
glycolysis
6O 2
and
2
inner membrane
ATP
and
6H 2O
4
Step 2: Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
C
C
C
ADP
P
ADP
O2
O2
O2
P
ADP
O2
ADP
•
•
•
•
P
CO2
C
CO2
C
CO2
C
P
O2
ADP
P
O2
ADP
P
In mitochondria
Two separate processes: Kreb’s cycle & Electron Transport Chain
Mitochondria takes in oxygen
Oxygen bonds the ADP + P into ATP (up to 36 ATP’s)
– CO2 waste created
REview
1) Which molecule is the energy molecule of cells?
2) Which types of organisms perform cellular respiration?
3) What is the chemical equation of cellular respiration?
4) Where does glycolysis occur?
5) What is broken down in glycolysis?
6) What is created by glycolysis?
7) Where is aerobic respiration performed?
8) Name the 2 subcategories of aerobic respiration.
9) What is the point on aerobic respiration?
10) Which waste is created by aerobic respiration?