Download Mystery Blood Lab…

Week #3 (4/4 – 4/8)
Warm Up – Mon, 4/4:
-Return graded papers and grade check
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Blood is such a good stain that
Native Americans used it for
paint.
Pick up:
 Organization of
the Circulatory
System note-taker
 2 colored pencils
 Major Arteries &
Veins diagram
Have out:
 Notes
Homework:
Agenda:
1.
Organization of the Circulatory System
-Blood vessels: Major Arteries & Veins
1.
2.
Blood Latin Quiz –
Tues, 4/5
Arteries & Veins
Quiz – Wed, 4/6
Organization of the
Cardiovascular System
2 Circuits for the Price of 1!
• Pulmonary Circuit –
blood
vessels that carry blood to & from
alveoli of lungs
• Systemic Circuit – transports blood
to & from rest of body
Blood Flow
• Imagine our
circulatory system
like our
transportation
infrastructure:
• What are the largest (holds greatest volume of traffic & are physically
largest) transportation pathways?
• Freeways = arteries & veins (most medial vessels to the heart)
• When you exit a freeway, you enter slightly smaller transportation
pathways called….
• Side streets or roadways = arterioles & venules (a little more distal from heart
than arteries & veins)
• Finally, on your quest to get home, you turn off a the side streets into
your neighborhood where there are…
• Neighborhood streets & roads = capillaries (tiny blood vessels 1 cell thick; most
distal vessels)
Blood Flow
• Blood flows from heart through arteries & arterioles to
capillaries (tiny blood vessels)
• Remember: arteries = “away from”
• Exchange of gases (O2 & CO2) between tissues & blood
• Capillary beds
• Blood flows from capillaries to heart through venules &
veins
Blood Flow
QUESTION:
Why are arteries represented in red & veins represented in blue?
ANSWER:
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from heart, while veins carry oxygendeficient blood back to heart.
***NOTE: ALL BLOOD IS RED!!! Oxygenated blood is brighter red!
Capillary Exchange

Substances exchanged due to concentration gradients
through the process of diffusion

O2 & nutrients leave blood

CO2 & other wastes leave cells
Pick up a red & blue colored
pencil/marker!
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation

Aorta



Largest artery in body
Leaves from L ventricle of
heart
Regions

Ascending aorta—leaves L
ventricle

Aortic arch—arches to L

Thoracic aorta—travels
downward through thorax

Abdominal aorta—passes
through diaphragm into
abdominopelvic cavity
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation

Arterial branches of ascending aorta


R & L coronary arteries serve heart
Arterial branches of the aortic arch


Brachiocephalic trunk splits into

Right common carotid artery

Right subclavian artery
Left common carotid artery splits
into


Left internal & external carotid
arteries
Left subclavian artery branches into

Vertebral artery

In the axilla (armpit), subclavian
artery becomes axillary artery,
brachial artery, radial & ulnar
arteries
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation

Arterial branches of
thoracic aorta


Intercostal arteries supply
muscles of thorax wall
Branches of thoracic aorta
supply

Lungs (bronchial
arteries)

Esophagus (esophageal
arteries)

Diaphragm (phrenic
arteries)
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation

Arterial branches of
abdominal aorta

Celiac trunk is 1st branch

3 branches are



Left gastric artery (stomach)

Splenic artery (spleen)

Common hepatic artery
(liver)
Superior mesenteric artery
supplies most of small intestine
& 1st ½ of large intestine
Inferior mesenteric artery
serves 2nd ½ of large intestine
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation
• Arterial branches of abdominal aorta (cont)
L & R renal arteries (kidney)

L & R gonadal arteries (ovaries & testes)

Lumbar arteries serve muscles of
abdomen & trunk

L & R common iliac arteries are final
branches

Internal iliac arteries serve pelvic
organs

External iliac
Femoral
arteries enter thigh
artery, popliteal artery,
anterior & posterior tibial arteries
Week #3 (4/4 – 4/8)
Warm Up – Tues, 4/5:
- Blood Latin Review
Anatomy Fun Fact:
A hearty laugh - the kind that sends a
stream of tears from your eyes – does
more than warm the soul. Research has shown that a
good laugh can cause the lining of blood vessel walls
called endothelium to relax, increasing blood flow for
up to 45 mins after the laugh. Damage to the
endothelium can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels
& eventually cardiovascular diseases. That's no
laughing matter...or maybe it is...
Agenda:
1.
2.
3.
Blood Latin Quiz
Finish Organization of Cardiovascular System
Introduce Mystery Blood Stain Lab &
Background Info
Have out:
 Blood notes &
Latin cards
 Paper labeled
“Aspirin article
questions”
Pick up:
 Aspirin article
Homework:
1.
Arteries & Veins
Quiz – Fri, 4/8
2. Mystery Blood
Stain Lab
Abstract – Wed,
4/13 & Thurs,
4/14
Anti –
-poeisis
Erythros –
-cyte
Hemo –
Cardio –
Thrombos –
Make sure your NAME goes on the quiz!
When finished, turn your Quiz in to the Hmwk Bin!
Major Veins of Systemic Circulation

Superior & inferior vena cava
enter R atrium of heart



Superior vena cava (SVC)
drains head & arms
Inferior vena cava (IVC) drains
lower body
Veins draining into superior
vena cava



Radial & ulnar, brachial,
axillary veins
Cephalic vein drains lateral
arm & empties into axillary
vein
Basilic vein drains medial arm
& empties into brachial vein
Major Veins of Systemic Circulation

Veins draining into SVC



Subclavian vein receives

Blood from arm via axillary vein

Blood from skin & muscles via
external jugular vein
Internal jugular vein sinuses of
brain
L & R brachiocephalic veins
receive blood from

Subclavian veins

Vertebral veins

Internal jugular veins
Major Veins of Systemic Circulation

Veins draining into IVC




Anterior & posterior tibial veins & drain legs
Posterior tibial, popliteal, femoral &
external iliac veins
Great saphenous veins (longest veins of
body) receive superficial drainage of legs
Each common iliac vein (L & R) is formed by
union of internal & external iliac vein on its
own side

R gonadal vein drains ovaries & testicles

L gonadal vein empties into L renal vein
L & R renal veins drain kidneys


Hepatic portal vein drains digestive organs &
travels through liver before it enters systemic
circulation
L & R hepatic veins drain liver

Major Veins of Systemic Circulation
Figure 11.13
The Mystery of the Blood Stain Forensic Investigation Lab
• Lab Objectives:
• Perform a simple test to identify if a red stain is real or simulated
• Determine the ABO/Rh blood type of unknown samples
• Identify which of the 3 suspects is most likely to have committed the
crime
• Determine the probability that the suspects’ same blood type is found in
the general population
• Each group will be responsible for completing & turning in 1 lab
handout with ALL group member’s names on it.
The Mystery of the Blood Stain Forensic Lab
• You’ll be performing microscope observations & blood tests to check
for the presence of A, B & Rh proteins on RBCs of 4 mystery blood
samples (Crime Scene sample, Suspect 1, 2, & 3 samples).
• Before you begin: As a group, read through the Background
Information & Crime Scene Scenario in the Mystery Blood Lab.
• ACTIVITY 1: Presumptive Test for Blood (Is it REALLY blood?)
• Send 2 group members to the cart in the back to pick
up 2 microscopes.
• Send a group member to the back counter to pick up 1 stained cheese cloth
(sample found at the Crime Scene).
• Cut 2 small samples of the stained cloth to observe under the microscope.
• When ready, complete Activity 1 Steps 1-3 & the questions that follow.
***When you cut a part of each of your sample to look at under the microscope,
return the rest of the sample to the appropriate place on the blue cart!!! We only
have so many samples!!!***
Week #3 (4/4 – 4/8)
Warm Up – Wed, 4/6 & Thurs, 4/7:
- Forensic Blood Analysis video (~5 mins)
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Smaller animals (e.g. arthropods &
mollusks) have open circulation;
blood is pumped into body cavities
where internal organs are suspended.
Tissues are in direct contact with
the blood & materials are exchanged
directly by diffusion. In closed circulation, blood
flows through vessels, which contain a series of 1way valves to maintain flow in 1 direction.
Agenda:
1.
2.
Mystery Blood Stain lab, Share-out & discussion of
Lab Abstract
Finish Organization of the Cardiovascular System
Have out:
 Nothing
Pick up:
 Nothing
Homework:
1.
2.
Mystery Blood
Stain Lab Abstract
– Wed, 4/13 &
Thurs, 4/14
Arteries & Veins
Quiz – Fri, 4/8
The Mystery of the Blood Stain Forensic Investigation Lab
• Lab Objectives:
• Perform a simple test to identify if a red stain is real or simulated
• Determine the ABO/Rh blood type of unknown samples
• Identify which of the 3 suspects is most likely to have committed the
crime
• Determine the probability that the suspects’ same blood type is found in
the general population
• Each group will be responsible for completing & turning in 1 lab
handout with ALL group member’s names on it.
The Mystery of the Blood Stain Forensic Lab
• You’ll be performing microscope observations & blood tests to check
for the presence of A, B & Rh proteins on RBCs of 4 mystery blood
samples (Crime Scene sample, Suspect 1, 2, & 3 samples).
• Before you begin: As a group, read through the Background
Information & Crime Scene Scenario in the Mystery Blood Lab.
• ACTIVITY 1: Presumptive Test for Blood (Is it REALLY blood?)
• Send 2 group members to the cart in the back to pick
up 2 microscopes.
• Send a group member to the back counter to pick up 1 stained cheese cloth
(sample found at the Crime Scene).
• Cut 2 small samples of the stained cloth to observe under the microscope.
• When ready, complete Activity 1 Steps 1-3 & the questions that follow.
***When you cut a part of each of your sample to look at under the microscope,
return the rest of the sample to the appropriate place on the blue cart!!! We only
have so many samples!!!***
The Mystery of the Blood Stain Forensic Lab
• ACTIVITY 2: Performing the Blood Tests
• Follow the directions CAREFULLY!!!
• Different colored stir sticks for different tests!
• You MUST pay attention to what test you are running & which
sample you are testing!!!
• Go to the blue cart for the blood samples & serum (read the
labels on the bottles!)…
• Use ONLY 5 DROPS of blood & 3 DROPS of serum (antibody) in each
area of the drop plate! We only have so many samples!!!
• When ready, complete Activity 2 Steps 1-7 & Data Table 5
(results).
• Then, complete the questions that follow.
Mystery Blood Lab…the Results Show
•Sharing Out
• Let’s discuss…
• Were there any samples that contained simulated blood? If so,
how did you know or what were you looking for?
• What results did you find for the blood tests? What blood type did
each sample (suspect) have?
• Sample 1? Sample 2? Sample 3? Crime Scene sample?
• Which suspect most likely committed the crime & how do you
know?
• What is the probability that the same blood type as the suspect who
most likely committed the crime is found in the general population?
•Make sure ALL group members’ NAMES are on the lab
packet & turn it in to the Hmwk Bin when completed!
Mystery Blood Lab Abstract
• Title Page
• Name of lab
• Your name
• Period
• Date
• Data & Observations
• Complete Data Table 5 with results of tests
• Graph/chart showing percentage distribution of
ABO/Rh blood type in world
• Pictures of the blood testing process (not necessary)
Mystery Blood Lab Abstract
• Conclusions & Applications
• Conclusions
• Based on your results, which of the suspect’s blood type matches the blood type
found at the crime scene? What results/information led you to this conclusion?
• Based on your blood typing results, do you think there is enough evidence to prove
the suspect committed the burglary? Why? Why not?
• How is this simulated blood typing activity similar to actual human blood typing?
Explain your answer.
• Explain the calculations completed to show the probability that a person would
have blood that is types AB, N & Rh-.
• Applications
• Pick one of the following questions to research & address in your Lab Abstract:
• How is blood typing used to exclude people in paternity cases?
• What are the steps/process of blood collection at an actual crime scene & what happens to it
once in a forensics lab?
• How is blood found at an actual crime scene distinguished as human or animal blood?
• How much more powerful is DNA fingerprinting to provide more conclusive evidence in solving
crimes than blood typing?
• MLA Works Cited Page
Week #3 (4/4 – 4/8)
Warm Up – Fri, 4/8:
- Heart Latin Roots & cards
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Poor circulation in the legs is
commonly caused by peripheral vascular disease. The
most common cause is atherosclerosis (arteries become
hard & thick), reducing the amount of blood that flows
through the vessel. Symptoms of poor circulation in the
legs include cramps in calf muscles, swelling in feet &
legs, numbness & tingling in feet or toes. Skin of feet &
legs may be affected, commonly
causing skin temperature to drop &
skin becomes pale, blue or red. An
increase in skin breakdown,
infections & sores also occurs due
to poor circulation.
Agenda:
1. Cardiovascular notes – Protection of the
Heart & Path of Blood through the Heart
Pick up:
 6 index cards & a
scissors
 2 colored pencils
 Heart Anatomy
diagram
Have out:
 Organization of
the Circulatory
System note-taker
Homework:
1.
Mystery Blood
Stain Lab
Abstract – Wed,
4/13 & Thurs,
4/14
Have a great weekend!
What is Aspirin?
• Read (DO NOT WRITE ON IT!) the article
on aspirin.
• Answer the following questions in
COMPLETE SENTENCES!
• Be prepared to discuss the following
questions.
1. What is the scientific name for aspirin? Why would you need to know
this information?
2. State at least 2 identified & supported pro’s & 2 con’s of being on an
aspirin regimen.
3. What is DVT & how can one prevent DVT when travelling for an
extended time?
4. Explain why mouth dissolution of aspirin is so much better than
stomach dissolution.
5. Why is it against the law for school nurse’s to give out aspirin to
students experiencing pain or fever?