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Criminal Justice Test Review 5th amendment • Which amendment allows the accused due process (fair treatment), the right to a grand jury, and the right not to be forced to incriminate themselves? People to settle disagreements in court • Civil law provides a way for…? Victimless Crimes • Acts that primarily hurt the people who commit them, such as gambling or drug use. He or she could be found guilty of running away, skipping school, disobedience, etc. • Why would a juvenile be considered a status offender? Criminal Law Criminal, Civil or Juvenile? • Protects society by punishing people who break the law. 14th amendment • Which amendment to the Constitution states that laws must be applied fairly to all people? Suing a store owner • What is an example of the use of civil law? Boot Camps • Offenders sentenced to this live in militarystyle barracks and undergo rigorous physical and behavioral training for three to six months. Preliminary hearing, indictment, arraignment, jury selection • What are the proceedings following an arrest? Personal assets obtained from or used in a criminal enterprise. • Asset forfeiture consists of the government’s seizing of: They have no reasonable doubt about the defendant’s guilt. • In order for members of a jury to return a verdict of guilty, what must they decide? Community Service • Paying the community back for harm done through work that benefits the public subpoena • Court order signed by a judge or prosecutor requiring the presence of someone or something in a court on a specific date and time. House Arrest • An offender sentenced to this must spend all or most of the day at home. Compliance is enforced in some states by requiring the offender to wear a small transmitter on the wrist or ankle, which sends electronic signals to monitoring units. Death Penalty • Known as “capital punishment”. The accused has the right to have an attorney • The adjudicatory hearing of a juvenile is similar to the criminal trial of an adult in that Killing by accident • What is manslaughter? 6th amendment • Which amendment gives the accused the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to a lawyer, and the right to be told what crimes they have been charged with? Dispositional hearing • A judge determines the sentence of a juvenile at what type of hearing? indictment • Formal charge against the accused Crimes against people • Acts that threaten, hurt, or end a person’s life are which category of crime? arraignment • Court hearing in which the defendant is formally charged with a crime and enters a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest. Could cause fear, injury or loss. Could leave victims with a search for justice. • How does crime impact a victim? misdemeanor • Less serious crime for which the penalty is often a fine. Plea bargaining • Most criminal cases never go to trial and are instead resolved by Probation • The most frequently used criminal sanction, is a sentence that an offender serves in the community in lieu of incarceration. Have a warrant or be able to show probable cause. • Before making an arrest, the arresting office must… Miranda Warning • Police tell the person being arrested that he or she has the right to remain silent and the right to a lawyer. parole • Letting a prison inmate go free to serve the rest of his or her sentence outside of prison is called felony • Serious crime for which the penalty can be imprisonment for more than one year. A crime has been committed and that there is evidence against the accused. • During a preliminary hearing, the prosecutor must prove that… Protect citizens and their rights • Criminal law and civil law both……???? crime • Any behavior that is illegal because the government considers it harmful to society is considered Scarlet Letter • Punishing by shaming provides a morally satisfying alternative to punishment. restitution • Requires an offender pay money to a victim Investigation/warrant, arrest, initial hearing, trial, sentencing, appeal. • Correctly order the steps in a criminal trial. Hung jury • A jury that cannot agree on a verdict Crimes Against Property • This category of crime occurs more often than any other crimes. Most involve stealing. alibi • A reason why a defendant could not have done what they are accused of doing is a…? bailiff • The law enforcement officer responsible for order and security in a courtroom is known as? FBI and the Census Bureau. • Crime statistics in the United States come from two major sources..Name them! Juvenile Law Criminal, Civil or Juvenile? • A legal system for people under the age of 18 that is different in some ways from the adult system. Civil Law Criminal, Civil or Juvenile? • Deals with disputes between individuals, organizations, or between the two. Incarceration • Jails and Prisons ISP (Intensive Supervision Probation) • Used for offenders needing more supervision. It allows offenders to live in the community but under severe restrictions. Crimes against the government • Treason and terrorism are two examples of this type of crime. Fines • Common for first-time offenders convicted of crimes such as shoplifting, minor drug possession, and traffic violations. 8th amendment • Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?