Download Criminal Justice Test Review

Criminal Justice
Test Review
5th amendment
• Which amendment allows the accused due
process (fair treatment), the right to a grand
jury, and the right not to be forced to
incriminate themselves?
People to settle disagreements in
court
• Civil law provides a way for…?
Victimless Crimes
• Acts that primarily hurt the people who
commit them, such as gambling or drug use.
He or she could be found guilty of
running away, skipping school,
disobedience, etc.
• Why would a juvenile be considered a status
offender?
Criminal Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?
• Protects society by punishing people who
break the law.
14th amendment
• Which amendment to the Constitution states
that laws must be applied fairly to all people?
Suing a store owner
• What is an example of the use of civil law?
Boot Camps
• Offenders sentenced to this live in militarystyle barracks and undergo rigorous physical
and behavioral training for three to six
months.
Preliminary hearing, indictment,
arraignment, jury selection
• What are the proceedings following an arrest?
Personal assets obtained from or used
in a criminal enterprise.
• Asset forfeiture consists of the government’s
seizing of:
They have no reasonable doubt about
the defendant’s guilt.
• In order for members of a jury to return a
verdict of guilty, what must they decide?
Community Service
• Paying the community back for harm done
through work that benefits the public
subpoena
• Court order signed by a judge or prosecutor
requiring the presence of someone or
something in a court on a specific date and
time.
House Arrest
• An offender sentenced to this must spend all
or most of the day at home. Compliance is
enforced in some states by requiring the
offender to wear a small transmitter on the
wrist or ankle, which sends electronic signals
to monitoring units.
Death Penalty
• Known as “capital punishment”.
The accused has the right to have an
attorney
• The adjudicatory hearing of a juvenile is
similar to the criminal trial of an adult in that
Killing by accident
• What is manslaughter?
6th amendment
• Which amendment gives the accused the right
to a speedy and public trial, the right to a
lawyer, and the right to be told what crimes
they have been charged with?
Dispositional hearing
• A judge determines the sentence of a juvenile
at what type of hearing?
indictment
• Formal charge against the accused
Crimes against people
• Acts that threaten, hurt, or end a person’s life
are which category of crime?
arraignment
• Court hearing in which the defendant is
formally charged with a crime and enters a
plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest.
Could cause fear, injury or loss. Could
leave victims with a search for justice.
• How does crime impact a victim?
misdemeanor
• Less serious crime for which the penalty is
often a fine.
Plea bargaining
• Most criminal cases never go to trial and are
instead resolved by
Probation
• The most frequently used criminal sanction, is
a sentence that an offender serves in the
community in lieu of incarceration.
Have a warrant or be able to show
probable cause.
• Before making an arrest, the arresting office
must…
Miranda Warning
• Police tell the person being arrested that he or
she has the right to remain silent and the right
to a lawyer.
parole
• Letting a prison inmate go free to serve the
rest of his or her sentence outside of prison is
called
felony
• Serious crime for which the penalty can be
imprisonment for more than one year.
A crime has been committed and that
there is evidence against the accused.
• During a preliminary hearing, the prosecutor
must prove that…
Protect citizens and their rights
• Criminal law and civil law both……????
crime
• Any behavior that is illegal because the
government considers it harmful to society is
considered
Scarlet Letter
• Punishing by shaming provides a morally
satisfying alternative to punishment.
restitution
• Requires an offender pay money to a victim
Investigation/warrant, arrest, initial
hearing, trial, sentencing, appeal.
• Correctly order the steps in a criminal trial.
Hung jury
• A jury that cannot agree on a verdict
Crimes Against Property
• This category of crime occurs more often than
any other crimes. Most involve stealing.
alibi
• A reason why a defendant could not have
done what they are accused of doing is a…?
bailiff
• The law enforcement officer responsible for
order and security in a courtroom is known
as?
FBI and the Census Bureau.
• Crime statistics in the United States come
from two major sources..Name them!
Juvenile Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?
• A legal system for people under the age of 18
that is different in some ways from the adult
system.
Civil Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?
• Deals with disputes between individuals,
organizations, or between the two.
Incarceration
• Jails and Prisons
ISP (Intensive Supervision Probation)
• Used for offenders needing more supervision.
It allows offenders to live in the community
but under severe restrictions.
Crimes against the government
• Treason and terrorism are two examples of
this type of crime.
Fines
• Common for first-time offenders convicted of
crimes such as shoplifting, minor drug
possession, and traffic violations.
8th amendment
• Which amendment prohibits cruel and
unusual punishment?