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Ratifying the Constitution Chapter 2 Section 5 • Now that Constitution was complete, states had to ratify it • Federalists – favored the Constitution because it created a strong central government • Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay were three well-known Federalists • Federalist Papers – collection of essays written by Federalists, trying to persuade people to approve document What was the fight for ratification? • Federalists Papers explained rule of law – government leaders must act according to the law • Also explained the enumerated powers of Congress – 18 powers of Congress written into the Constitution • Anti-Federalists – opposed Constitution. Favored states rights and thought the central government had too much power • Federalists agreed to add amendments to the Constitution to protect state and individual right – Bill of Rights What was the fight for ratification? • The approval of 9 states were needed for Constitution to go into effect • New Hampshire was the 9th state to sign • VA and NY had not yet signed and this was very important to the Framers • Finally, 1790 – all 13 states had ratified the Constitution What was the fight for ratification? • New York City named as temporary national capital – later moved to Philadelphia and then Washington, D.C. • Congress met for first time on March 4, 1789 • George Washington voted in as first President of U.S. • John Adams – Vice President • The new government had begun! What was the new government like in the United States?