Download Rise of the Dictators

Rise of the Dictators
Great Depression and World War II Unit
Essential Question
What events led to the rise of dictators in
Germany and Italy?
Key Vocabulary
Mein Kampf- Hitler’s autobiography that promotes
his beliefs and goals for Germany
Totalitarianism- System of government where the
government has control over all aspects of
people’s lives
Fascism- System of government that promotes
extreme nationalism, denial of individual rights,
and one-party rule
Appeasement- The act of giving in to an
aggressor in order to keep peace
Warm Up
 Based on the political cartoon what can be inferred about Hitler’s control
over the German people?
Setting the Stage
As nations throughout the world struggle to
overcome the Great Depression, some people
lost faith in democracy and turned to fascism.
Facism


Fascism glorifies the state above the individual by
emphasizing a strong government.
Leaders promised to revive the economy, punish those
responsible for hard times, and restore order.

This message attracted many people
 Ruled by dictators
 Government controls all aspects of life
 Usually gain/keep power through use of force
 Against Democracy & Marxism
 Denied individual rights
 Weak and inefficient to solve
economic problems and prevent
communism
 Nationalism
 State is supreme
 Advocate Imperialism and War
Believed peaceful nations
were waiting to be conquered
Assessment Prompt 1
In one sentence, describe what fascism is.
The Rise of the Dictators
 ITALY AND GERMANY ADOPT
DICTATORIAL REGIMES TO
SOLVE ECONOMIC
PROBLEMS AND TO RESTORE
NATIONAL PRIDE
 A TOTALITARIAN STATE IS A
GOVERNMENT THAT AIMS TO
CONTROL THE POLITICAL,
ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL
LIVES OF CITIZENS
Fascism in Italy
Italy was mad that they didn’t get
more from the Treaty of Versailles
Italy was also struggling
economically and wanted a
leader to take action
Benito Mussolini revived Italy’s
economy and rebuilt its armed
forces.
Mussolini grew in popularity.
Acquired colonies
The government was turned into a
totalitarian dictatorship with Mussolini
as the leader (IL DUCE).
When Mussolini takes control he uses
secret police and censorship to
maintain power
Government regulated all aspects of
business including productions/prices.
Government set wages, working
conditions, and prohibited strikes.
The Rise of Adolf Hitler
A High School dropout and
failed artist, joins German Army
in WWI.
In 1921, he becomes leader of a
tiny political group who wants
to overturn the Versailles
Treaty.
Inspired by Mussolini, the Nazi’s
try to seize power.
Failed and Hitler ends up in
prison.
 “Mein Kampf”
Writes while in prison, it set forth his beliefs
and goals for Germany
Believes that Germans, or “Aryans”, were a
master race and everyone else was inferior
Vows to regain lost land to Treaty of
Versailles
Lebensraum
Germany is overcrowded and needs
more living space
 Most Germans ignored Hitler until the Great
Depression.
Frightened, Germans now turned to Hitler,
hoping for security and firm leadership.
Hitler Becomes Chancellor
 The Nazi’s are the largest political party by 1932
 The Nazi’s convince President Hindenburg to name
Hitler Chancellor
Hitler comes to power legally and the Nazi’s take
control of Parliament
 Hitler created a totalitarian state.
The SS and Gestapo were secret police that
murdered hundreds of his enemies.
Banned all other political parties.
Took over the economy and put millions to work.
Practiced censorship and propaganda techniques.
Indoctrination of youth.
The Nazi State
 The Nazis blamed all their problems
on the Jews.
Led to anti-Semitism across
Germany.
 Passed laws depriving Jews of most of
their rights.
 Kristallnacht
Night of the Broken Glass.
Killed about 100 Jews.
Destroyed thousands of Jewish
owned buildings.
Assessment Prompt 2
Fascism
Totalitarianism
Militarism in Japan
 When the Great Depression struck,
military leaders take control of the
country.
Made Emperor Hirohito the head of
state power.
 Wanted to solve the country’s
economic problems through foreign
expansion.
Would provide Japan with raw
materials and markets for its goods.
Give Japan room for its rising
population.
 Japan invades Manchuria in 1931.
The League of Nations does
nothing to stop this.
 Japan then invades all of China.
Chinese Nationalists and
Communists fight against the
Japanese.
The Japanese kill thousands.
European Aggressors on the March
Democratic Nations Try to Preserve
Peace
Hip Hughes History
 Watch the following video and answer the following questions.
 What does Hughes say is the difference between fascism and
communism?
 List the steps Hughes says allowed Mussolini to take power.
 Who are the Black Shirts and the OVRA? What do they do?
 What is the Beer Hall Putsch and how does it aid Adolf Hitler?
 What does Hughes say the significance of “Mein Kamphf” is?
 What does being made Chancellor allow Hitler to do?
 What are the Enabling Acts?
 What are the Nuremberg Laws?
 What is the significance of Kristallnacht?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t
QlMtoDp8ks
 Watch the following video and answer the following questions.
 What does Hughes say is the difference between fascism and communism?
 List the steps Hughes says allowed Mussolini to take power.
 Who are the Black Shirts and the OVRA? What do they do?
 What is the Beer Hall Putsch and how does it aid Adolf Hitler?
 What does Hughes say the significance of “Mein Kamphf” is?
 What does being made Chancellor allow Hitler to do?
 What are the Enabling Acts?
 What are the Nuremberg Laws?
 What is the significance of Kristallnacht?
Graphic Organizer/Assessment Prompt
4
Journal
 Answer the EQ: What events led to the rise of fascism in
Germany and Italy?
 Consider the following: What is Fascism?
 Why were Mussolini and Hitler able to gain and keep
power?
 Why was it beneficial for Hitler to indoctrinate the youth?
 Why does Hitler want to reclaim lands lost in the Treaty of
Versailles?
 Why does Japan practice a policy of Imperialism?
 How did the policy of appeasement lead to WWII?