Download RESULTS OF WAR OF 1812

America’s Second War for Independence
“On to Canada, on to Canada”
Militarily unprepared
 Canada was a focus because the British
army was weakest there.
 Offensive strategy was poorly conceived
 Best strategy—capture Montreal
 America strategy—3 pronged

 1. Detroit
 2. Niagara
 3. Lake Champlain
The Battle of the Great Lakes
Oliver Hazard Perry—built a fleet of
green-timbered ships on the shores of
Lake Erie
 “We have met the enemy and they are
ours.”
 Battle of the Thames—British defeated
by General Harrison in October 1813
 By 1814, Americans were grimly
defending own soil

Washington Burned
August 1814
 4,000 Br. troops
scattered some
6,000 militiamen
 Burned the capitol
and the White
House

Fort McHenry and Francis Scott Key
Br. forces
hammered Ft.
McHenry
 American stood
strong
 Br. fail to capture it

New Orleans
Force led by Andrew Jackson consisting
of pirates, Frenchmen, men from KY,
TN, and LA.
 British launched a frontal assault—BIG
MISTAKE
 January 8, 1815—Br. lost 2,000 in 30”

 Major victory for the Americans
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50_iRIcxs
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Treaty of Ghent
Officially ended the War of 1812
 December 24, 1814
 Armistice

 No mention of grievances
 “Not one inch of territory ceded or lost.”
RESULTS OF WAR OF 1812
Results of the war
included:
 End of the Federalist
Party (opposed war)
 Encouraged
industries in U.S.
 Rise in
nationalism/American
independence
Despite the burning of the President’s
mansion, the U.S. emerged strong
Federalist Grievances

Hartford Convention
 26 delegates from NE states met to discuss
issues

Results:
 Demanded $ assistance from DC for lost
trade
 Const. amend. Requiring 2/3 vote in
Congress before embargo, new states, or
declaration of war.
Other Federalist demands
Abolish 3/5 clause
 Single term for presidents
 Prohibit the election of 2 successive
presidents from the same state

 Aimed at the “Virginia Dynasty”
Utter failure in wake of Battle of New
Orleans
 End of Federalist Party

Clay’s “American System”
Markets were flooded with cheap British
goods, hurting American industries
 Tariff of 1816—established the first
protective tariff in US history
 American System—economic system
proposed by Henry Clay

 1. strong banking system
 2. protective tariff
 3. roads and canals
Road blocks of the American
System

Federal government voted in 1817 to
give $1.5 million to the states for internal
improvements
 Vetoed by Madison
 NE strongly opposed the building of a road
because it would drain away population and
create competing states
The Era of Good Feelings?
James Monroe was elected president in
1816 by the Republicans.
 One-party rule
 Sectional tensions increase, conflict over
slavery, internal improvements and the
economy caused issues

THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE



In 1818 settlers in
Missouri applied for
statehood
Northerners and
Southerners disagreed
on whether Missouri
should be admitted as
a “free” state
Henry Clay organized
a compromise.
HENRY CLAY: THE GREAT
COMPROMISER
MISSOURI COMPROMISE 1820
Sharing Oregon and Acquiring
Florida

1818—AngloAmerican Convention
with Britain
 Provided for a 10 year
joint occupation of
Oregon

1819—Adams-Onis
Treaty
 Spain ceded Florida to
America
THE MONROE DOCTRINE


In the early 19th
Century, various
European countries
hinted at increased
colonization
In his 1823 address to
Congress, Monroe
made it clear to
Europe: Don’t interfere
with Western
Hemisphere
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