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PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE 1. Record Keeping – keep accurate breeding records, health protocols, production records, vaccination schedules, ect. 2. Feeding Practices – provide adequate nutrition to meet the needs of the individual animals 3. Vaccination – utilize a vaccination program and correctly administer and store all vaccines for the prevention of disease 4. Parasite Control – follow recommendations and protocol for controlling internal and external parasites PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE 5. Animal Observation – routinely check animals and be familiar with typical behavior and vital signs Isolate new animals Detect visual signs that indicate disease: Open wounds Isolation from the group Lethargic behavior 6. Sanitation – maintain clean facilities and sanitize according to recommendations 7. Veterinarian – consult with a veterinarian to establish a viable animal health program PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE 8. Biosecurity – protection from biological harm from living things including disease, parasites, and bioterrorism This can be accomplished by: Limit number of people who visit the farm Disinfect any equipment including footwear that is brought onto the farm from another location Sanitize and disinfect facilities, equipment, ect. Keep adequate distance from one farm facility to the next even when owned by the same individual or company DISEASES & PARASITES 1. Noninfectious Diseases Causes: i. Faculty Nutrition – ration is not balanced ii. Metabolic Disorder – not adequately digested iii. Trauma – wounds or injuries iv. Toxic substances – poisonous materials such as chemicals, plants, snakes and spiders v. Congenital Defects – birth defects DISEASES & PARASITES 2. Infectious Disease Causes: i. Virus – a microscopic infective agent that causes disease Common viruses include: influenza, rabies, shipping fever, ect. Many viruses can be controlled by vaccinating animals ii. Bacteria – one-celled microorganisms that can cause disease Common bacterial infections include: salmonella, e-coli, streptococcus, ect. Bacterial infections can be prevented through proper sanitation and prevention of injury to animals that cause contact with bacterial agents DISEASES & PARASITES 3. Parasites i. Internal Parasites – organisms that live inside of an animal Common internal parasites include: roundworms, heartworms, tapeworms, ect. Internal parasites are controlled through routine de-worming programs, and pasture and herd management ii. External Parasites – organisms that affect the outside areas of an animal’s body Common external parasites include: fleas, lice, mites, ticks, ect. External parasites are controlled through chemical and biological methods