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3. GERMANY Region the barbarians came from in Europe. 7. PATRICIAN Member of the Roman upper class. 9. LORD Granted land in the Middle Ages. 11. FAITH Luther believed that you would be saved through __ alone. 13. CASTLE Place of protection during the Middle Ages. 14. EXCHANGE To give in return for something received. 16. PRINTINGPRESS Allowed and assisted the reformation movement. 18. INDIVIDUAL The Renaissance encouraged ___ success. 20. BILL England and the United States created the ___ of Rights to protect individuals. 21. PLEBEIAN class. Member of the Roman working 27. SENATE Members of the Roman __ were chosen for life. 28. OFFICIAL Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the ___ religion of the Roman empire. 29. ADAPT Romans had a great talent to __ the ideas of others. 30. SERF Peasant in the Middle Ages. 32. TRIUMVIRATE who ruled Rome. Group of three people 33. MARTINLUTHERBegan the reformation. 36. NERO Roman emperor who started the persecutions of the Christians. 38. GHANA First trading civilization in West Africa. Controlled the gold and salt trade. 39. SPLIT The first ___ in the Catholic Church came during the reign of Charlemagne. 43. CATHOLIC ___. Most of Europe remained 44. CAESAR Roman leader killed by members of the Senate. 45. ABSOLUTISM A political theory holding that all power should be vested in one ruler or other authority. 46. PAXROMANA 47. PAUL Christianity. Roman peace. Spread the message of 48. EMPIRE The Roman __ lasted from 27 B.C. to 476 A.D. 49. VASSAL Ages. Receiver of land in the Middle 50. AUTHORITY The power or right to give orders, make decisions. 51. FIEF A piece of land. 52. VIRGIL 54. INFLATION Wrote the Aeneid. An increase in prices. 55. MONASTERY Religious community. 56. JUSTINIAN Rome. The legal code of ancient 1. SONGHAI The first university in Africa was founded during this civilization. 2. ITALY The Renaissance began here. 4. MERCANTILISM An economic policy in which a country has more exports than imports. 5. INDULGENCES Tetzel. 6. PREDESTINATION Calvin's primary doctrine. Pardons for sins sold by 8. MONARCHY A form of government in which supreme authority is vested in a single and usually hereditary figure, such as a king, and whose powers can vary from those of an absolute despot to those of a figurehead. 10. FEUDALISM A political and economic system of Europe, based on the exchange of land between the lord and the vassal. 12. REFORMATION Catholic Church. Religious crisis in the 15. DIVISION Diocleatian's ___ of the Roman empire greatly weakened it. 17. RENAISSANCE learning. 19. JESUITS Formed to help stop the spread of Protestantism. 22. PROTESTANT Any non-Catholic or Eastern Orthodox Christian. Rebirth of classical 23. CONSTANTINE Ended the persecutions of the Christians. 24. COUNTERREFORMATION The Catholic Church's response to the reformation. 25. HADRIAN Roman emperor who had a wall constructed to mark the border of his empire. 26. MANOR 31. MALI Mansa Musa was a famous leader of this civilization in West Africa. 34. REPUBLIC The Roman ___ was from 1000 B.C. to 27 B.C. 35. ELIZABETH One of England's great queens. A small estate for the lord. 37. CHRISTIANITY Roman Empire. Religion that began during the 40. CRUSADE A medieval military expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. 41. POPE Head of the Roman Catholic Church. 42. GUILDS Middle Ages. Trade unions started during the 44. CAPITALISM An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit. 53 LATIN Romance languages developed from ___.