Download 3 – Social and Motor Development

Chapter 3
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
How does social behavior affect human
movement development?
 How do movement behaviors affect an
individual’s social development?

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
An active process of forming relationships and
learning from those with whom we interact.
 The influence of others can help determine:

How and when we acquire movement abilities
 Which movement activities we choose


Movement choices affect our ability to fit in
socially and influence self-identity, attitudes,
and more.
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Social role


The position an individual
has in a network (e.g.,
occupation, family role)
Role expectations
influence human motor
development

Norms
Society’s shared, stable
perceptions about
appropriate behaviors in a
specific context
 Can facilitate or inhibit
movement development
(e.g., male adolescents are
expected to be physically
active and participate in
sports)

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Self-esteem:
How much we believe ourselves to be competent
and successful
 The value we place on ourselves as individuals


Self-esteem can be significantly affected by
involvement in physical activity.

Perceptions of high/low athletic competence can
contribute to high/low self-worth.
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Early childhood—


Has difficulty expressing self-worth verbally
Mid- to late childhood—


Can distinguish among various forms of
competence and express them verbally
Increased cognitive capabilities
(continued)
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Young adulthood—


Self-worth is a function of perceived
competence in areas that are most important
to oneself
Adulthood—

Add new elements of self-worth; change as
an individual matures (e.g., intimate
relationships, ability as a provider)
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Family
 Play
 School

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Importance: A crucial part of learning
society’s rules
 Types:

Object play
 Interpersonal play
 Exploratory play
 Pretend play


Development: Solitary
parallel
associative
cooperative
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Policy makers in your home town want to
make changes to the local preschool—to
increase the amount of time spent on direct
instruction and decrease the amount of time
devoted to play.
 How do you convince them that playing is
learning?

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Peer group

Decreased importance of the family
Team play
 Gender role identification

Gender stereotypes
 Role conflicts

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Life events/social factors that have greatest
negative impact on motor behavior and
physical activity:
Changed relationship status or marriage
 Having children
 Leaving school and going to work


Strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, and
flexibility may all begin to decrease
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

New life events/social factors may result in a
regression in movement behavior—or possibly an
improvement:
Children leaving home
 Retirement
 Death of a spouse




Influence of family and friends
Ageism
Exercise–aging cycle
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Copyright © 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Your grandfather has recently passed away,
and your grandmother hasn’t been herself.
She’s depressed and spends her days just
watching TV.
 How can you help her break out of this cycle
and feel like herself again?

Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

Watch these videos and compare the play
behavior of the children shown here.
Children Involved in Parallel Play
 Children Involved in Associative Play


What characteristics of associative play do
you see?
Copyright © 2016
by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers