Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Judicial Branch Powers Interpret laws • ___________ – Do laws fit within U.S. Constitution guidelines Trials • Conduct __________ • Protect the ________ rights of citizens brought before the Court • Rule on _____________ Constitutional questions Jurisdiction • Original Jurisdiction – Hear cases for the first time. This is where the trial takes place. • Appellate Jurisdiction – Hear only cases on appeal from lower courts. “Review” the trial of a lower court. This is not a new trial. • • • Federal Court System U.S. District Court LOWEST ________ level of the federal court system ONEU.S. District court Each state has at least ____ JURY The only federal court where there are ______ trials ORIGINAL jurisdiction”- hear cases • Have “____________ for the FIRST ______ time (before a case can be heard by an appeals court or the Supreme Court it must be heard in District court) LIFE (unless they • Judges are appointed for _______ are guilty of a serious crime) Federal Court System: U.S. Court of Appeals • Level between the District Courts and Supreme Court 12 Courts of Appeals. Each court • There are ___ covers a ____________ (a geographical area of Circuit the U.S.). Virginia is in the 4th Circuit. • Have “____________ Appellate Jurisdiction”- They hear only cases on appeal from lower district courts. request to a higher court to ______ reviewor • Appeal- a ________ evidence or retry a case due to reasons like new _________ the belief the judge did something __________ wrong life • Judges are appointed for ________ (unless they are guilty of a serious crime). Federal Court System: U.S. Court of Appeals (cont) trials • There are no _________ in appeals court. Groups of judges hears arguments from lawyers from each side and _________ the review case. No ____________ witnesses jury • No __________ • Three possible outcomes Uphold lower court decision • ____________ Overturn lower court decision • ____________ • ____________ Remand the case (return the case to the lower court for a new trial) U.S. Court of Appeals Circuits Federal Court System: Special Federal Courts (info only, don’t write) U.S. Tax Court Appeals dealing with tax laws U.S. Court of Federal Claims Cases dealing with citizens who sue U.S. Gov.for money U.S. Court of Military Appeals Appeals court for military U.S. Court of International Trade Hears cases about tariffs and trade laws Federal Court System: Supreme Court Highest • _____________ Court in the land Appellate • Has ____________ Jurisdiction- hears appeals from lower courts. Does not hear _____ cases appealed to the court. Supreme all appealed Court decisions cannot be ___________ • Has __________ Jurisdiction in two Original instances: Court can hear cases involving _____________ from foreign countries and diplomats cases in which a _________ is involved. state Supreme Court Judicial • Supreme Court has the power of “________ Review”- Court can review any federal or state law to see if it agrees with the U.S. ________________. Constitution • If a law or action is in conflict with the constitution ___________ (unconstitutional) the Supreme nullify Court can ____________ or cancel the law or action Marbury v. Madison • U.S. Supreme Court case of early 1800s which established the court’s power of Review _____________ _________ Judicial – Review _____ laws and ______ acts to see if they fit Constitution within the _____________ • Case established the Supreme Court’s power to ___________ the meaning of the interpret U.S. Constitution Types of cases heard by Federal Courts disagree • Civil cases- cases where two parties ______ over an issue. • Criminal cases- cases in which the court (judge or jury) determines if an individual has ________ a crime. committed • Cases involving the Federal governmentcases where the __________ government is one of the parties involved Types of cases heard by Federal Courts • Constitutional questions- if a party feels his or her constitutional rights _______ have been violated • Disputes between citizens of different statesstate and If one party is a resident of one ______ the other party is a resident of _________. another • Federal laws- cases where someone is accused of ________ federal crimes. Also includes civil cases Types of cases heard by Federal Courts foreign • Disputes involving ___________ governments- cases involving a foreign country and the U.S, an American citizen, or an American company • Admiralty and maritime law- cases involving crimes or accidents on the ________________ high seas • Cases involving foreign diplomats or U.S. diplomats- cases where __________are diplomats accused of breaking U.S. laws. Federal Crimes • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Accounting Fraud Antitrust Bank Fraud Bankruptcy Fraud Computer Crimes Computer Hacking Controlled Substance Violations Conspiracy Corporate Crimes Counterfeiting Customs Violations Drug Manufacturing Drug Possession/Sales Drug Trafficking Espionage • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Export/Import Crimes Gun Law Violations Health Care Fraud Immigration Law Violations Internet Fraud Kidnapping Mail Fraud Money Laundering Multi-Level Marketing Securities Fraud Social Security Fraud Tax Crimes Terrorism Weapons Charges Wire fraud