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Hinduism and Buddhism The Beliefs of Hinduism • No single founder or sacred text • Began when Aryans added the gods of the Indus Valley people • It is one of the most complex religions in the world • Most important gods: – Brahma (the Creator) – Vishnu (the Preserver) – Shiva (the Destroyer) • Hindu teachings were present in the Vedas The Goal of Life, Karma, and Dharma • Every person has an essential self – Atman • Reincarnation allows people to continue working toward moksha through several lifetimes • People who live virtuously earn good karma – They will be rewarded in their next lifetime • To gain good karma, one must fulfill his or her dharma Gautama Buddha: The Enlightened One • Siddhartha Gautama founded the new religion of Buddhism • Four Noble Truths 1. All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow 2. The cause of suffering is the desire for things that are really illusions, such as riches, power, and long life 3. The only cure for suffering is to overcome desire 4. The way to overcome desire is to follow the Eightfold Path Eightfold Path • • • • • • • • Right views Right aspirations Right speech Right conduct Right livelihood Right effort Right mindfulness Right contemplation Buddhism and Hinduism Compared • The final goal in Buddhism is nirvana • Both Hindus and Buddhists stressed nonviolence and believed in karma, dharma, moksha, and a cycle of rebirth • Buddha rejected the many gods of Hinduism and the caste system – Believed in Nirvana • Seek enlightenment through meditation Spread of Buddhism • Sacred text – Tripitaka • Two major sects – Theravada Buddhism • Closely followed the Buddha’s original teaching – Mahayana Buddhism • Easier for ordinary people to follow • Hinduism eventually absorbed some Buddhist ideas and had Buddha as a Hindu god Questions to Consider • Explain the significance of the four noble truths and the eightfold path • What is the difference between the two religions? • Explain the term karma and dharma. How did those two go hand and hand? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9AoZj_F PzU