Download 1800 to Civil War

1800 TO 1900
Q u i c k Ru n - T h ro u gh
WORLD STUDIES; MAJOR US POINTS
EARLY 1800S
• Federalists v. Anti-federalists; Adams and Jefferson
• French and British at war with each other
• Native American conflicts during westward expansion
• Battle of Tippecanoe
• War of 1812; US victorious
• Start of Industrial Revolution; supply and demand..? Or is it?
• Mass Production
• Cotton Gin
• New forms of transportation
• National Roads- Baltimore to Ohio River
• Steamboats
• Building of canals
• Railroads
A COUNTRY FEELIN’ GOOD
• Patriotism, American Pride, Confidence
• US gains Florida
• Latin American Revolution
• Monroe Doctrine; warned Spain and other European powers to leave the Americas
alone– “Americans are closed to any future colorizations”, and in return, the US
stayed out of European affairs
• Financial panic of 1819
• Westward movement
• Slavery expansion= sectionalism
• NW Ordinance makes NW Territory states “free states”- Ohio, Illinois, Indiana
• Slavery in states south of NW Territory-- Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee,
Mississippi, Alabama
DEMOCRACY ON THE MARCH
• 1824, John Quincy Adams becomes president over Andrew Jackson
• Suffrage= right to vote; new laws give all 21 yr. old white, males voting rights
• Democratic party
• Election of 1828, Andrew Jackson elected- victory for control of the government by
the common people
• Mud sliding- slander towards other candidates during elections
• Jackson is a murderer because of war battles, Indian raids, and multiple duels
• Lies about Jackson’s marriage
• “Adams can write, Jackson can fight”
JACKSONIAN ERA
• Elected 7th president
• Believed in small government, limited power, states’ rights
• Indian Removal Act:
• Resettlement of Native Americans west and southeast of Mississippi
River
• Recognized for protecting citizen’s liberties and rights
• Criticized for supporting slavery
• Nullification Act
• Opposed to Second National Bank
1840S- 1850S
• 8th president, Martin Van Buren – first president born in US
• Martin Van “Ruin” because of financial panics during presidency
• 9th president, Wm. Henry Harrison
• From Ohio
• Dies from pneumonia after 32 days in office
• John Tyler becomes 10th president
• Congress annexes Texas
• 11th president, James K. Polk
• 12th president, Zachary Taylor; hero in Mexican-American War
• Anti-slavery
• Dies 16mos into term
MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR
• 1846-1847
• Gives US most of present day southwest
• 1836 Texas Revolution
• 1845, American annexation of Texas, ignored by Mexico
• Conflict breaks out, Americans win
•
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo= gives US areas of California and New Mexico
• Rio Grande serves as new Mexican boarder
• US expansion to the Pacific Ocean begins
• Issues regarding slavery in new territories rise
MEXICAN- AMERICAN WAR
VS.
TODAY’S UKRAINE/CRIMEA- RUSSIAN CRISIS
What’s the difference?
SLAVERY DEBATES
• Compromise of 1850
• Purpose- settle slavery issues and keep states from withdrawing from Union
• Henry Clay and Stephen Douglas
• Breakdown:
1. California becomes 16th state
2. New Mexico and Utah are organized without slavery
3. Texas receives 10mill in exchange for land gained during MexicanAmerican War; current day state of Texas
4. Slave trade in DC is abolished, but ownership of slaves cont.
5. Fugitive Slave Act amended
• Fugitive Slave Act- all escaped slaves must be returned to “owners”
CAUSES OF CIVIL WAR
• Underground RR, escape route for slaves; note: not a true railroad
• Lincoln’s 1860 election platform; all new states enter Union as free states
• Sectionalism continues
• North, very industrial
• South, agricultural economy
• Mason-Dixon Line; states North of the line are “free”, states South of the line have
“legal” slavery
• Lincoln is elected 16th president in 1860
• South Carolina succeeds
CIVIL WAR
• Nation divides in half and fights itself; North v. South
• 1860-1865
• Major Question: Loyal to your homeland or to your beliefs?
• South is victorious in many early battles, however the North fights back and
proves victorious
• Presidents–
• North, Abe Lincoln
• South, Jefferson Davis
• By end of war, Lincoln hopes to preserve Union
• Lincoln assassinated in April, 1865
MAJOR EVENTS IN CIVIL WAR
•
1860, Lincoln elected
•
SC succeeds
•
Antietam, Sept. 1862:
• bloodiest battle on American soil
• Keeps foreign countries from recognizing south as independent
•
Emancipation Proclamation= all southern slaves are free on Jan. 1, 1863
•
Gettysburg
•
Gettysburg Address
•
Robert E Lee surrenders at Appomattox, April 9, 1965
•
Lincoln shot, April 12, 1865
•
Sherman’s March to the Sea
•
Treaty signed, country reunited
WHO’S WHO/ IMPORTANT PLACES
IN CIVIL WAR
• Abe Lincoln, President of the North
• Jefferson Davis, President of the South
• Robert E Lee, Confederate General
• Ulysses S Grant, Union General
• Sherman, Union General
• Clara Barton, Red Cross
• Andrew Johnson, Northern president after Lincoln’s death
• Stonewall Jackson, Union General
• Great state of OHIO
RECONSTRUCTION TO 1877
• Post Civil War, troops were set-up throughout the south to protect Blacks’ rights and
establish secure freedom
• Amendments:
• 13• 14• 15• Black citizens are voted into office
• Racism becomes a serious issue (esp in the South)
• Northern economy booms with industries
• Rutherford B Hayes “elected”- compromises and removes southern troops
END OF 1800S
• 1892, Ellis Island opens
• McKinley tariff• 1896, Plessy v Ferguson-- makes separate but equal legal
• Jim Crow laws established in US
• First modern Olympics
• 1898: Spanish- American War:
• E
• 1900, McKinley and VP, Teddy elected