Download The Respiratory System.

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
WHAT IS THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
•The human respiratory system is a
series of organs responsible for taking
in oxygen and expelling carbon
dioxide.
ORGANS THAT MAKES UP THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
• The primary organs of the respiratory system are lungs,
which carry out this exchange of gases as we breathe.
• According the America Lungs association red blood cells
collect the oxygen from the lungs and carry it to the parts of
the body where it is needed. During this process, the red
blood cells collect the carbon dioxide and transport it back
to the lungs, where it leaves the body when we exhale.
ORGANS THAT MAKES UP THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
• Other organs that makes up the respiratory system include:
1. Nasal Cavity-The nasal cavity (or nasal fossa) is a large air filled space
above and behind the nose in the middle of the face. Each cavity is the
continuation of one of the two nostrils.2.
Mouth- also known as the oral cavity, the mouth is the hollow cavity that
allows food and air to enter the body.
3. Alveoli- any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
4.
Bronchi- major air passages of the lungs that diverge from the windpipe.
ORGANS THAT MAKES UP THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
5) Diaphragm-The diaphragm is the dome-shaped sheet of muscle and
tendon that serves as the main muscle of respiration and plays a vital role in
the breathing process
6) Trachea-The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube about 4
inches long and less than an inch in diameter in most people. The trachea
begins just under the larynx (voice box) and runs down behind the breastbone
(sternum)
7) Larynx- The larynx (voice box) is part of the respiratory system that holds the
vocal cords. It is responsible for producing voice, helping us swallow and
breathe. Air passes in and out of the larynx each time the body inhales or
exhales
8) Pharynx - The pharynx, or throat, is the passageway leading from the mouth
and nose to the esophagus and larynx.
FUNCTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
• The primarily function of the respiratory
system is to deliver air to the lungs.
Oxygen in the air diffuses out of the lungs
and into the blood, while carbon dioxide
diffuses in the opposite direction, out of
the blood and into the lungs.
TYPES OF THE RESPIRATIONS.
Respiration includes the following processes:
• External respiration is the process of gas exchange between the
atmosphere and the body tissues. In order to accomplish this task, the
following events occur:
• Pulmonary ventilation is the process of breathing—inspiration
(inhaling air) and expiration (exhaling air).
• Gas transport, carried out by the cardiovascular system, is the
process of distributing the oxygen throughout the body and
collecting CO 2 and returning it to the lungs.
TYPES OF RESPIRATION CONTD.
• Internal respiration is the process of gas
exchange between the blood, the interstitial
fluids (fluids surrounding the cells), and the
cells. Inside the cell, cellular respiration
generates energy (ATP), using O 2 and glucose
and producing waste CO 2.