Download LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES SLIDE 3-1 TO 3

LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDE 3-1 TO 3-6
UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does a culture evolve through time of adversity?
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How did feudalism shape medieval life?
-THE LIFE OF A LORD, PRIEST, KNIGHT, TRADER, AND SERF. READING AND DISCUSSION
-EARLY MIDDLE AGES WORKSHEET 9
Feudalism: legal and political system based on land during period from 500AD-1300AD.
Time frame called: middle Ages or Dark Ages
Based on lord-vassal idea.
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Pledge exchanged called feudal contract.
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LORD
PROTECTION
LAND (FIEF)
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VASSAL
MILITARY SERVICE
PAYMENTS
LOYALTY
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Viewpoints primary source
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Vassal pledges his loyalty
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Two Views of Medieval Life
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Monty Python- The Black Knight Fight - YouTube
1100s nobles lived in castles
War way of life. Some nobles trained to fight called knights.
Learned: riding, fighting and care of weapons.
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 3-7 TO 3-8
Knights were supposed to follow Code of Chivalry.
Stories of Knights heroics sung by Troubadours or wandering minstrels.
Songs basis for Medieval: epic tales, romance and poems
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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES- BULLET POINT 5 OF EACH
Reading:
SWORD OF THE SAMURAI
GETTING DRESSED
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 3-10 TO 3-11
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MANOR HOUSE IS THE KEY
Self sufficient.
Peasants mostly serfs-not slaves but bound to land they live on.
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SERF
Monty Pythons Holy Grail - Bloody Peasants! - YouTube
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SERF OWES LORD:
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Paid fees (taxes) to lord 40%
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Worked his land two days a week
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Paid church tithes-tax 10%
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Permission to marry
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SERF GETS
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Land for their own use
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Protection during conflict
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 3-12 TO 3-14
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PEASANT
Life span short.
Felt position in life to serve.
Celebrated Christmas, Easter and other festivals.
Spent most time working for the lord of the manor
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Feudalism in Japan
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WORKSHEETS:
-TWO VIEWS OF MIDIEVAL LIFE
-A VASSAL PLEDGES HIS LOYALTY
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 4-1 TO 4-5
UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does a culture evolve through times of adversity?
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How did the church play a vital role in medieval life?
During MA Roman Catholic Church controlled W. Europe spiritual and also a secular-worldly force.
Church officials linked closely to secular rulers. Some even be nobles with lands and armies.
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MEDIEVAL CHURCH HIERARCHY
Some people chose to lead a religious life in monasteries or convents.- Monks
530AD Benedict (monk) set up rules for monks.
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THE MONK’S LIFE WORKSHEET
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 4-6 TO 4-9
Popes claimed papal supremacy God’s rep on earth.
Church law called Canon Law.
Disobey the Cannon (Church) Law and you will lose your right to sacrament and be denied Christian
Burial- excommunication.
Church only place where learning was happening.
Church becoming a larger power in Medieval Europe
WORKSHEET THE COMET AS AN OMEN
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 4-10 TO 4-20
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THE CRUSADES AND THE WIDER WORLD
Crusades- series of wars between Christians and Muslims.
Destructive but opened a wider world to Europeans and increased the pace of change.
Not a war of religion but a pilgrimage with war-like tendencies.
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CRUSADES GOALS
TAKE BACK JERUSLAM
REUNITE CHRISTENDOM
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The Crusades ("Eyes Without a Face" by Billy Idol) - YouTube
1st Crusade took lands including Jerusalem and developed 4 Crusaders states ruled by European nobles.
2nd Crusade tried to get it back and failed.
1187 Kurdish leader, Saladin took back Jerusalem.
3rd Crusade Richard Lion-hearted of England tried to take it back.
Compromise pilgrims could come and visit city but would remain under Muslim control.
1204 4th Crusade a big mess.
Spanish Crusade 1100s-1492 drove out Muslims in Spain. Ferdinand and Isabella took last city in 1492
and used Inquisition to solidify their position.
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Effects of Crusades
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Gave women more power
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Expanded trade in Europe
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Weakened Papal power
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Weakened noble’s power
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Increased King’s power
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Muslims and Christians still at odds
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BIG ISSUES
BLACK DEATH
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100 YEARS WAR
BLACK DEATH
Bubonic Plague caused by fleas on rats
Spread from Asia to Middle East to Europe
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 4-21 TO 4-25
People turn to magic and witchcraft
People flee cities or hide in homes
Christians blame Jews.
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RESULTS OF PLAGUE
1/3 to ½ of pop died
Productions declines
Inflation
Peasants revolt
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Black Death ("Hollaback Girl" by Gwen Stefani) - YouTube
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PLAGUE VICTIMS
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100 YEAR’S WAR (1337-1453)
English kings want to keep French lands by taking French throne. (Edward III and Philip VI)
French kings want to extend their power and drive out English. Philip takes Aquitaine when Edward
won’t pay feudal homage to him.
Both want control of English Channel.
Both want to control trade.
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
Slides 4-26 to 4-33
Horrible History - The Bloody Battle of Agincourt - YouTube
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England wins battles with new type of bow called longbow
Joan of Arc leads french armies
Joan’s execution rallies French
Horrible Histories Joan Of Arc Song – YouTube
Horrible Histories - Joan d'Arc - YouTube
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RESULTS OF 100 YEARS WAR
French monarchs grow stronger
English parliament gains power over their money.
English turn to trading ventures
Castles and knights cannot stand up to cannon and long bow
Horrible Histories HH Investigates Nasty Knights - YouTube
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Medieval Lego knights defending the castle - YouTube
Monarchs need armies not feudal lords.
UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does a culture evolve through times of adversity?
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How did the combination of famine, plague, disunion in the church and war effect Europe?
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The Dark Ages...How Dark Were They, Really?: Crash Course World History #14 – YouTube
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Medieval Europe: Feudalism – YouTube
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Horrible Histories Medieval Come Dine With Me - YouTube
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 34-40
To sum up what you need…
Feudalism developed in Europe in response to the need for protection from outside invasion.
Local lords divided their landholdings among vassals.
These vassals pledged service and loyalty to the lord for a fief.
Obligations of the lord
Protect the vassal
Grant the vassal
a fief, or estate
Obligations of the vassal
Pledge loyalty to the lord
Provide the lord with
40 days of military service per year
Provide money payments and advice
Feudal society in Japan was very hierarchical during this age.
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Noblewomen lost status and inheritance was limited to sons in this period.
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Peasants, artisans, and merchants were at the bottom of the ladder, under the samurai.
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The plague was spread by fleas carried by rats.
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When plague struck, normal life broke down. People fled cities, hid in their homes, turned to
witchcraft, and blamed Jews.
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Economies failed as the cost of labor soared and inflation occurred.
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People revolted and social unrest became the norm for 100 years.
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Crusades – a series of wars in which Christians battled Muslims for control of lands in the Middle
East
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In the 1050s, Muslim Turks invaded the Byzantine empire.
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Pope Urban II urged bishops and nobles to fight the Turks.
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“God wills it!” roared the assembly, and the Crusades began.
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Some were driven by religious zeal, others by a thirst for adventure. Some hoped to win land
and wealth.
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The Crusades were not very successful
for Europeans.
LECTURE NOTES FOR THE MIDDLE AGES
SLIDES 34-40
Effects of the Crusades
They left a bitter legacy of religious hatred.
European economies expanded as trade increased
and the use of money became more common.
The power of monarchs increased
A wider worldview developed, and some
Europeans set off on a new age of exploration.
Emperors would clash with the Church for power and control.
Control of the emperor’s vassals was important.
The real rulers of the German lands were these nobles and Church officials.
Who would get to appoint bishops? The pope or the emperor?
Issue erupted into major power struggle
The Church reached the height of its political power in the 1200s.
Daily life in the village revolved around
the Church.
The church
was the largest public building
in the village.
By the 1100s, communities
had built large cathedrals to
glorify God.