Download Unit 1 - Spatial Diffusion

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Spatial Diffusion
AP HUG
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Diffusion
 Definition: the
movement of a
phenomenon (i.e. culture, language,
religion, disease) from one location to
another
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Types of Diffusion
 Relocation
 Expansion
 Contagious
 Hierarchal
 Stimulus
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Relocation Diffusion
 Occurs when
the spreading disease moves into
new areas, leaving behind its origin or source of
the disease, for example a person infected with
HIV moving into a new location.
(people move/migrate and take ideas with them)
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Expansion Diffusion
The
pattern originates in a central
place and then expands outward in all
directions to other locations.
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Note that the distance does not have
to be equal in all directions.
Expansion
diffusion can be further
broken down into three types of
diffusion: hierarchical, contagious,
and stimulus diffusion
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Contagious Diffusion
 The spread of
an
infectious disease
through the direct
contact of individuals
with those infected.
 Often rapid
and
spreads through entire
population
 Example: Disease, viral
email
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Hierarchal Diffusion
 Occurs when
a
phenomenon spreads
through an ordered
sequence of classes or
places, for example
from cities to large
urban areas to small
urban areas.
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Stimulus Diffusion
 Takes
a part of an idea and spreads that
idea to create an innovative product.
 Example: vegetarian
eating habits
(principle) influence restaurants to offer
more vegetarian dishes (new products)
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Frictional Effect of Distance
(Distance Decay)
 Suggests that areas
that
are closer to the source
of something (like a
disease) are more likely
to be affected by it,
whereas areas further
away from the source
are less likely to be
affected and/or will be
affected at a later date.
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Barriers to Diffusion
 Some
physical features act as a barrier towards
diffusion, including:
 Mountains
 Bodies of
water
 Political
and Economic boundaries may also limit
the spread of disease.
 Travel restrictions
and screening of travelers can
form ‘human’ barriers.
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Time-Space Convergence
 Time-space Convergence is the process
that
seems to bring places and people closer
together, in terms of communicational
distance, through the improvement of
communication and transportation
technology.
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Time-Space Convergence
 Although absolute
distance remains the same
between two places, the relative distance
decreases as the places become increasingly
interconnected through technological and
transportation routes.
 Example:
The distance between Chicago and
Taiwan remains the same as it was 80 years ago,
but people in Chicago and Taiwan are relatively
closer because they can communicate quickly via
email and airline travel.
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Positive Impacts of
Time-Space Convergence
 increased
trade
 employment
opportunities for those in less
developed countries.
 Increased
media coverage of wars and conflicts
 Improved
travel to holy places
 Improved
oil transport and trade
 Ideas
spread quickly and easily
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Negative Impacts of
Time-Space Convergence
 movement of
industry out of the US and into
areas that can pay people less
 invasion
of culture (i.e. MTV)
 increase in sweatshops at worker’s
expense
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Small group discussion
 Discuss
this statement “Space time convergence is
socially differentiated”
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What words are familiar or unfamiliar in this statement
What questions do you have about it?
How does this relate to your partner discussion on how tech
and transportation improvements impact different
communities differently?
Helpful vocab:
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Differentiate: to see or state the difference or differences
between two or more things
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Globalization Article Close Read

Create a definition of globalization (one academic and one in
your own words) that we can use for our notes – think, pair,
share
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“Globalization easily explained”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJ0nFD19eT8 (4 minutes)