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Download Two groups of animals are defined as different species, when
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Twogroupsofanimalsaredefinedasdifferentspecies,whenindividualsfromonegroupdon't mateandreproducewiththosefromtheother.Onewayforonespeciestosplitintotwoisfor populationstoseparategeographically.Overmanygenerationstheycanundergoenough changesintheirrespectivehabitats,thatif,andwhentheycomebacktogetheragain,they don'tmate.Nowsupposethatapopulationoftheselizardsendedupinanareathatismuch moreopenandsunnier.Inthatcase,alightcoloreddewlapisn'tveryeffective.Soovertime thepopulationwouldevolvetohavedarkerdewlaps.Ifforsomereasonthesetwopopulations cometogether,thefemaleswouldnolongerrecognizethemalesasmembersofthesame species.Theywouldn'tmate.Theywouldbereproductivelyisolated.Oncenewspecieshave formed,competitiondrivestheevolutionofbodytypes.Specieslivinginthesamearea competeforresources.Butifmembersofonespeciesmoveintoanotherhabitat,theycanuse resourcesnotavailabletotheotherspecies.Overmanygenerations,naturalselectionfavors traitsthatenablesspeciestooccupydifferenthabitats.
