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What is Chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of the
1. composition,
2. structure, and
3. properties of matter
and the changes it undergoes.
Main
Menu
Are these things matter?
• Your book, your
desk, your lunch,
the air that you
breathe and the
water you drink?
• How do you
know?
 Matter is anything that has mass
and volume.
1. Mass is the amount of matter an
object has.
2. Volume is the amount of space
an object takes up.
Mixtures: contain more than one type of
matter and are physically combined.
• Homogeneous
Mixture
– (Solution)
• uniform (same) throughout
in composition
• Examples:
coffee
air (mixture of gases)
Alloys like:
brass (Cu & Zn)
steel (Fe & C)
Mixtures: contain more than one type of
matter and are physically combined.
• Heterogeneous
Mixture
• not uniform (different)
throughout in composition
• Examples:
sand in water
tea with ice cubes
oil in water
chicken noodle soup
What is soda?
Heterogenous or Homogeneous?
• Heterogeneous
• When you see the gas
bubbles.
• Homogeneous
• When you don’t see the
gas bubbles.
Pure Substances:
contain only one type of matter.
• Compounds
– made from more than
one kind of atom
– A molecule is the
smallest particle of a
compound that retains
its properties.
– Compounds cannot be
separated by physical
means! (only by
chemical reactions)
Ex: salt, distilled water,
sugar
• Elements
– made of only one kind
of atom.
– An atom is the smallest
part of an element).
Ex:
Pure Substances:
contain only one type of matter.
• Compounds
– made from more than
one kind of atom
– A molecule is the
smallest particle of a
compound that retains
its properties.
– Compounds cannot be
separated by physical
means!
Ex: salt, distilled water,
sugar
• Elements
– made of only one kind
of atom.
– An atom is the smallest
part of an element).
Ex:
Classify Matter
Element, Compound, Homogenous mixture, or Heterogeneous mixture
Boric Acid Solution
Homogeneous mixture
Oxygen gas (O2)
Element (molecule)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Compound
Steel (Carbon, Iron)
Homogeneous mixture
Casserole
Heterogeneous mixture
Exit Ticket
1. Describe how you can tell if something is a
mixture or a pure substance?
2. What is one new thing you learned from
today’s lesson?
August 21-Sept 1
You have 15 minutes to solve the following mission:
You are given a beaker filled with equal parts SALT, SAND, and
IRON fillings. How can you separate these three items?
You may use any of the following supplies:
-Extra Beakers
-Magnet
-Ring Stand
-Water
-Filter Paper
-Hot plate
-Tweezers
-Graduate Cylinder
Once you have written your procedure, step by step (“First, I would _____.
Then, I would _____. ETC), raise your hand to have it checked. You must
receive a stamp on your warm-up to receive credit.
Today’s Mission:
• Identify the 4 states of matter
• Describe the motion of particles in the 3 main
states of matter
Today’s Agenda:
• Methods of Separation
• States of Matter Exploration
• Virtual Lab
Separation of Mixtures
Mixtures can be separated by physical
means.
Separate sand and salt?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Filtration
Centrifuge
Chromatography
Distillation
Crystallization
Separation of Compounds
Compounds can be separated chemical
means.
Examples:
a) Electrolysis of water
water  hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
b) Chemical Reactions
Magnesium + Acid  hydrogen gas
Mg + HCl (acid)  MgCl2 + H2
So the properties of compounds may be similar or
different than the properties of their elements!
Video: States of Matter
Oobleck
MythBusters
Create the following chart in your
notes:
You will fill in the boxes with a check mark if the answer is YES
Phase/
State
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Definite
Shape?
Definite
Volume?
Is it
Compressible?
States of Matter
Phase/
State
Solid
Definite
Shape?
Definite
Volume?
Liquid
Gas
Plasma – “charged gas”.
Is it
Compressible?
States of Matter
Phase/
State
Solid
Definite
Shape?
Definite
Volume?
Liquid
Gas
Plasma – “charged gas”.
Is it
Compressible?
States of Matter
Phase/
State
Solid
Definite
Shape?
Definite
Volume?
Liquid
Gas
Plasma – “charged gas”.
Is it
Compressible?
Virtual Lab Day-1. You must complete
the pre-lab and
get it signed
before your group
can get a
computer.
2. If this lab is
not completed in
class, it will
need to be
finished as
HOMEWORK!
Virtual Lab Reminders:
1. You may only use the required site: phet.colorado.edu
2. You may not listen to music/Use your cell phone >>Don’t even ask!!!
3. When you are finished, please remember to plug your computer in
Failure to follow these reminders will result in loss of computer
privileges, grade reduction, and an alternative assignment (to be
completed individually).