Download Ch. 11/16 Study Guide Answers

 _______________ is the downward movement of
water through pores and other spaces in the soil due to
gravity.
 Percolation
 ____________ is water that flows across land and
collects in rivers, streams, and eventually the ocean.
 Runoff
 ________________ is rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls
from clouds onto the Earth's surface.
 Precipitation
 What is condensation?
 Water vapor that cools and changes into water
droplets.
 High clouds made of ice crystals are called
_________________________ clouds.
 Cirrus
 __________________ occurs when water vapor cools
and changes back into liquid droplets.
 Condensation
 _____________ is water, usually from precipitation,
that flows across land and collects in rivers, streams,
and eventually the ocean.
 Runoff
 Puffy, white clouds that tend to have flat bottoms are
called ____________________.
 Cumulus
 _______________, the most common form of solid
precipitation, forms when temperatures are so cold
that water vapor changes directly to a solid.
 Snow
 A ______________ is the land drained by a river
system, including the main river and all of its
tributaries.
 Drainage basin
 _________________ are smaller streams or rivers that
flow into larger ones.
 Tributaries
 A drainage basin is also called a
_______________________.
 Watershed
 What is the world's largest drainage basin?
 Amazon River basin
 The path that a stream follows is called a
_____________________________.
 Channel
 If a river starts at an elevation of 8,500 m and travels
700 km downstream to a lake that is at an elevation of
800 m, what is the stream's gradient?
 11 m/km
 Which river will cause the most erosion?
 A. one with low gradient and low discharge
 B. one with high gradient and high discharge
 C. one with high gradient and low discharge
 D. one with low gradient and high discharge
 A _______________ includes the main stream and
tributaries of a river.
 River system
 The wide curves in the river in the diagram are called
_________________.
 Meanders
 The river in the diagram is most likely in the
______________________ stage.
 Mature
 One difference between an alluvial fan and a delta is
that an alluvial fan is
________________________________.
 Deposited on dry ground
 What would affect a stream's erosion?
 Streams gradient, discharge, and load
 A rock that tends to stop the flow of water is
________________________________.
 Impermeable
 The rock layer I is called the
__________________________.
 Cap rock
 The rock layer II is called the
_____________________________.
 Aquifer
 Only 3 percent of Earth's water is drinkable, and of
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

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that 3 percent, 75 percent is frozen in the polar icecaps.
What percentage of Earth's drinkable water is readily
available for use?
A. 0.75 percent
C. 3 percent
B. 2.25 percent
D. 75 percent
 More than half of all household water in the United
States comes from (where) ______________________.
 Ground water
 The process of liquid water changing to gas is called
________________________________.
 Evaporation
 When -nimbus or nimbo- is part of a cloud's name, it
means that (what):
 Precipitation could fall from the cloud
 When cirro- is part of a cloud's name, it means that
_____________________________________.
 it’s at high altitude
 When alto- is part of a cloud's name, it means that
_____________________________________.
 It’s a middle cloud.
 What type of clouds would you most likely see if you
were flying in an airplane at 8,000 m?
 Cirrus
 What type of stream load makes a river look muddy?
 Suspended
 List the features that are common in youthful river




channels.
Rapids
Narrow, v-shaped valleys
Waterfalls
Fast-moving water
 Caves are mainly a product of
________________________.
 Erosion by ground water.
 An aquifer must be
 A. nonporous and nonpermeable.
 C. porous and nonpermeable.
 B. nonporous and permeable.
 D. porous and permeable.
 As a stream's velocity increases, it (does what)
____________.
 Can carry larger particles (a larger load).
 For a rock layer to function as an aquifer, it must (have
what) _______________.
 Have pores that are connected.