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Integers Green counters = positive numbers =+3 Red counters = negative numbers = -3 1 green counter and 1 red counter together – cancel each other out x x x x x x Subtracting Integers Subtracting Integers +4 +2 x x To subtract, remove 2 green 2 green (2 positive) remain +4 - +2 = +2 Subtracting Integers -4 - x x x To subtract, remove 3 red 1 red (1 negative) remains -3 -4 - -3 = -1 Subtracting Integers +2 x x x - To subtract, remove 3 green There aren’t enough green counters to subtract, so we will need to add one To add a green, we also need to add a red (we add 1 “zero pair” +3 1 red (1 negative) remains +2 - +3 = -1 Now we can remove the final green Subtracting Integers -2 x x x - To add a red, we also need to add a green (we add 1 “zero pair” -3 1 green (1 positive remains To subtract, remove 3 red There aren’t enough red counters to subtract, so we will need to add one -2 - -3 = +1 Now we can remove the final red Subtracting Integers -2 - x xx +3 5 red (5 negative) remain -2 - +3 = -5 To subtract, remove 3 green There aren’t any green counters to subtract, so we will need to add 3 To add 3 greens, we also need to add 3 reds (we add 3 “zero pairs” Now we can remove 3 greens Subtracting Integers +3 xx -2 5 green (5 positive) remain +3 - -2 = +5 To subtract, remove 2 red There aren’t any red counters to subtract, so we will need to add 2 To add 2 red, we also need to add 2 green (we add 2 “zero pairs” Now we can remove 2 red Subtracting Integers Subtracting is adding the opposite + 10 – 5 = 5 10 + -5 = 5 Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding -3 + - 2 = the opposite + -3 + - 2 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep 3+ - -2 = 5 - Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding -4 + - 8 = the opposite + -4 + - 8 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep 4+ - -8 = 12 - Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding -6 + - 9 = the opposite + -6 + - 9 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep 6+ - -9 = 15 - Subtracting integers + Subtracting is adding + 5 - 7 = the opposite + - 7 = +5 + Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract, keep the sign of the higher one +5 + -7 = 2 - Subtracting integers + Subtracting is adding + 6 - 9 = the opposite + - 9 = +6 + Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract, keep the sign of the higher one +6 + -9 = 3 - Subtracting integers + Subtracting is adding - 2 - 9 = the opposite + - 9 = +2 + Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep +2 + +9 = 11 + Subtracting integers + Subtracting is adding - 1 - 6 = the opposite + - 6 = +1 + Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep +1 + +6 = 7 + Subtracting integers + Subtracting is adding - 5 - 4 = the opposite + - 4 = +5 + Now, follow the rules for addition: Same signs, add and keep +5 + +4 = 9 + Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding - 3 - 6 = the opposite + 3 +- 6 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract Keep the sign of the higher one -3 + +6 = 3 + Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding - 2 - 9 = the opposite + 2 +- 9 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract Keep the sign of the higher one -2 + +9 = 7 + Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding - 7 - 3 = the opposite + 7 +- 3 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract Keep the sign of the higher one -7 + +3 = 4 - Subtracting integers Subtracting is adding - 10 - 1 = the opposite + 10 +- 1 = Now, follow the rules for addition: Different signs, subtract Keep the sign of the higher one -10 + +1 =9 - Rule: KEEP, SWITCH, CHANGE Keep the sign of the first number, switch the subtraction sign to addition and change the sign of the second number