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CRT Review rd 3 Quarter An astronomical unit is the average distance _____. a. b. c. d. Between Mercury and the sun Between Mercury and Pluto Light travel in 1 minute Between Earth and the sun An astronomical unit is the average distance _____. a. b. c. d. Between Mercury and the sun Between Mercury and Pluto Light travel in 1 minute Between Earth and the sun Distances between stars are usually measured in _____. a. b. c. d. Light-minutes Light-hours Light-days Light-years Distances between stars are usually measured in _____. a. b. c. d. Light-minutes Light-hours Light-days Light-years A comet’s tail always extends _____. a. b. c. d. Towards the sun Away from the sun Towards the planet that it’s passing Away from the planet it is passing A comet’s tail always extends _____. a. b. c. d. Towards the sun Away from the sun Towards the planet that it’s passing Away from the planet it is passing The majority of stars in our galaxy are _____. a. b. c. d. Blue White dwarfs Main-sequence Red giants The majority of stars in our galaxy are _____. a. b. c. d. Blue White dwarfs Main-sequence Red giants The H-R diagram has become a tool for studying the nature of stars because it shows how stars _____. a. b. c. d. Are classified by temperature Are classified by brightness Change over time All of the above The H-R diagram has become a tool for studying the nature of stars because it shows how stars _____. a. b. c. d. Are classified by temperature Are classified by brightness Change over time All of the above What type of galaxy are each? A– B– C– What type of galaxy are each? A – Irregular B – Elliptical C – Spiral In space, _____ are giant clouds of gas and Dust where stars are born. a. b. c. d. Nebulas Globular clusters Open clusters Quasars In space, _____ are giant clouds of gas and Dust where stars are born. a. b. c. d. Nebulas Globular clusters Open clusters Quasars Among the most distant objects are _____, which are among the most powerful energy sources in the universe. a. b. c. d. Nebulas Globular clusters Open clusters Quasars Among the most distant objects are _____, which are among the most powerful energy sources in the universe. a. b. c. d. Nebulas Globular clusters Open clusters Quasars A star is most likely born in a _____. a. b. c. d. Globular cluster Nebula Black hole Giant cluster of old stars A star is most likely born in a _____. a. b. c. d. Globular cluster Nebula Black hole Giant cluster of old stars Which of the following could be formed as a result of a supernova? a. b. c. d. A black hole A neutron star A pulsar All of the above Which of the following could be formed as a result of a supernova? a. b. c. d. A black hole A neutron star A pulsar All of the above A _____ forms when the leftovers of a supernova are so massive that they collapse to form a dense object with gravity so strong that light cannot escape it. a. b. c. d. Black hole Red giant Quasar Pulsar A _____ forms when the leftovers of a supernova are so massive that they collapse to form a dense object with gravity so strong that light cannot escape it. a. b. c. d. Black hole Red giant Quasar Pulsar GEO’s are better orbits for communications because satellites in GEO _____. a. b. c. d. Remain in position over one spot Are farther away from Earth’s surface Do not revolve around the Earth Are only a few hundred kilometers high GEO’s are better orbits for communications because satellites in GEO _____. a. b. c. d. Remain in position over one spot Are farther away from Earth’s surface Do not revolve around the Earth Are only a few hundred kilometers high _____ was formed in response to the alarm the United States felt over possible Soviet superiority in space. a. b. c. d. NASA Landsat Geosynchronous orbit The International Space Station _____ was formed in response to the alarm the United States felt over possible Soviet superiority in space. a. b. c. d. NASA Landsat Geosynchronous orbit The International Space Station Which of the following gave us our first close encounter with other planets and their moons? a. b. c. d. Artificial satellites Space probes Space shuttle Space station Which of the following gave us our first close encounter with other planets and their moons? a. b. c. d. Artificial satellites Space probes Space shuttle Space station As Earth’s moon waxes, the sunlit fraction we see from Earth becomes _____. a. b. c. d. Larger Smaller Doesn’t change Turns red As Earth’s moon waxes, the sunlit fraction we see from Earth becomes _____. a. b. c. d. Larger Smaller Doesn’t change Turns red When the moon is waning, the sunlit fraction is becoming _____. a. b. c. d. Smaller Larger Different colors Doesn’t change When the moon is waning, the sunlit fraction is becoming _____. a. b. c. d. Smaller Larger Different colors Doesn’t change The inner planets of our solar system are called _____. a. b. c. d. Terrestrial planets Gas giants Dirty snowballs Small stars The inner planets of our solar system are called _____. a. b. c. d. Terrestrial planets Gas giants Dirty snowballs Small stars Our sun is located in the arm of a pinwheelshaped _____ galaxy called the Milky Way. a. b. c. d. Elliptical Spiral Irregular Globular Our sun is located in the arm of a pinwheelshaped _____ galaxy called the Milky Way. a. b. c. d. Elliptical Spiral Irregular Globular A _____ is so small and massive that not even light can escape its gravitational pull. a. b. c. d. Neutron star Pulsar Quasar Black hole A _____ is so small and massive that not even light can escape its gravitational pull. a. b. c. d. Neutron star Pulsar Quasar Black hole A _____ is basically the death of a large star by explosion. a. b. c. d. Nova Supernova Black hole Globular cluster A _____ is basically the death of a large star by explosion. a. b. c. d. Nova Supernova Black hole Globular cluster A _____ is a dense star that is formed when the leftover materials in the center of a supernova are squeezed together so that the particles inside the star become neutrons. a. b. c. d. Pulsar Quasar Neutron star Black hole A _____ is a dense star that is formed when the leftover materials in the center of a supernova are squeezed together so that the particles inside the star become neutrons. a. b. c. d. Pulsar Quasar Neutron star Black hole A _____ is a spinning neutron star that gives off radio signals. a. b. c. d. Neutron star Black hole Quasar Pulsar A _____ is a spinning neutron star that gives off radio signals. a. b. c. d. Neutron star Black hole Quasar Pulsar A _____ is a reusable vehicle that lands like an airplane. a. b. c. d. Rocket Space shuttle Space probe International Space Station A _____ is a reusable vehicle that lands like an airplane. a. b. c. d. Rocket Space shuttle Space probe International Space Station Which number represents the orbit of Saturn? Which number represents the orbit of Saturn? 6 Which number represents the orbit of Venus? Which number represents the orbit of Venus? 2 Between which two orbits is the asteroid belt located? Between which two orbits is the asteroid belt located? 4 and 5 Label the following moon phases correctly: new moon, full moon, waxing gibbous, waxing crescent, waning gibbous, waning crescent, first quarter, last quarter. Label the following moon phases correctly: new moon, full moon, waxing gibbous, waxing crescent, waning gibbous, waning crescent, first quarter, last quarter. Describe the temperature and brightness of the star marked with an X. Describe the temperature and brightness of the star marked with an X. 12,000 degrees K and +10 magnitude. Where would red giants and red supergiants be found in this diagram? Where would red giants and red supergiants be found in this diagram? Top, right corner Where is the main-sequence of stars located? Where is the main-sequence of stars located? Middle of the diagram What happens to the temperature on the chart as you move to the right? What happens to the temperature on the chart as you move to the right? The temperature decreases. What is a constellation? a. b. c. d. A region of the sky A group of stars A star pattern A galaxy What is a constellation? a. b. c. d. A region of the sky A group of stars A star pattern A galaxy Starting with a NEW MOON, put the phases of the moon in order. Starting with a NEW MOON, put the phases of the moon in order. New moon Waxing crescent First quarter Waxing gibbous Full moon Waning gibbous Last quarter Waning crescent How long does Earth take to orbit once around the sun? a. b. c. d. One day One week One month One year How long does Earth take to orbit once around the sun? a. b. c. d. One day One week One month One year Distances between stars are usually measured in _____. a. b. c. d. Light-minutes Light-hours Light-days Light-years Distances between stars are usually measured in _____. a. b. c. d. Light-minutes Light-hours Light-days Light-years During a lunar eclipse, the moon can look _____. a. b. c. d. Red Blue Black Green During a lunar eclipse, the moon can look _____. a. b. c. d. Red Blue Black Green A comet’s tail always extends _____. a. b. c. d. Towards the sun Away from the sun Towards the planet it is passing Away from the planet it is passing A comet’s tail always extends _____. a. b. c. d. Towards the sun Away from the sun Towards the planet it is passing Away from the planet it is passing Which type of star is the hottest? a. b. c. d. Red giant Blue giant White dwarf Brown dwarf Which type of star is the hottest? a. b. c. d. Red giant Blue giant White dwarf Brown dwarf Examine the diagram of the stars in the constellation Orion and answer the questions that follow. Star 1 is approximately ____ from Earth. a. 200 light years c. 600 light years b. 400 light years d. 800 light years Star 1 is approximately ____ from Earth. a. 200 light years c. 600 light years b. 400 light years d. 800 light years Star 2 is approximately ____ from Earth. a. 200 light years c. 600 light years b. 400 light years d. 800 light years Star 2 is approximately ____ from Earth. a. 200 light years c. 600 light years b. 400 light years d. 800 light years Examine the table below and answer the questions that follow. Types of Stars Class O B A F G K M Color Surface temperature (°C) blue above 30,000 blue-white 10,000–30,000 blue-white 7,500–10,000 yellow-white 6,000–7,500 yellow 5,000–6,000 orange 3,500–5,000 red Less than 3,500 Elements detected helium helium and hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen & heavier elements calcium & other metals calcium and molecules molecules Types of Stars Class O B A F G K M Color blue blue-white blue-white yellow-white yellow orange red Surface temperature (°C) above 30,000 10,000–30,000 7,500–10,000 6,000–7,500 5,000–6,000 3,500–5,000 Less than 3,500 Elements detected helium helium and hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen & heavier elements calcium & other metals calcium and molecules molecules The stars Betelgeuse and Antares are red in color. They are class _____ stars. a. O c. K b. G d. M Types of Stars Class O B A F G K M Color blue blue-white blue-white yellow-white yellow orange red Surface temperature (°C) above 30,000 10,000–30,000 7,500–10,000 6,000–7,500 5,000–6,000 3,500–5,000 Less than 3,500 Elements detected helium helium and hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen & heavier elements calcium & other metals calcium and molecules molecules The stars Betelgeuse and Antares are red in color. They are class _____ stars. a. O c. K b. G d. M Types of Stars Class O B A F G K M Color blue blue-white blue-white yellow-white yellow orange red Surface temperature (°C) above 30,000 10,000–30,000 7,500–10,000 6,000–7,500 5,000–6,000 3,500–5,000 Less than 3,500 Elements detected helium helium and hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen & heavier elements calcium & other metals calcium and molecules molecules Our sun is a yellow star. In what temperature range does it burn? a. Less than 3,500 degrees b. 5,000-6,000 degrees c. 3,500-5,000 degrees d. 6,000-7,000 degrees Types of Stars Class O B A F G K M Color blue blue-white blue-white yellow-white yellow orange red Surface temperature (°C) above 30,000 10,000–30,000 7,500–10,000 6,000–7,500 5,000–6,000 3,500–5,000 Less than 3,500 Elements detected helium helium and hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen & heavier elements calcium & other metals calcium and molecules molecules Our sun is a yellow star. In what temperature range does it burn? a. Less than 3,500 degrees b. 5,000-6,000 degrees c. 3,500-5,000 degrees d. 6,000-7,000 degrees What is this diagram showing? What is this diagram showing? Lunar eclipse Which of the following shows the sequence of a star’s life cycle from its earliest stage to its latest stage? a. b. c. d. White dwarf, main sequence, red giant Main sequence, red giant, white dwarf Red giant, white dwarf, main sequence Main sequence, white dwarf, red giant Which of the following shows the sequence of a star’s life cycle from its earliest stage to its latest stage? a. b. c. d. White dwarf, main sequence, red giant Main sequence, red giant, white dwarf Red giant, white dwarf, main sequence Main sequence, white dwarf, red giant On what part of the modern H-R diagram do cool, bright, red stars appear? a. b. c. d. Top, right Top, left Bottom, right Bottom, left On what part of the modern H-R diagram do cool, bright, red stars appear? a. b. c. d. Top, right Top, left Bottom, right Bottom, left What causes the phases of the moon? a. The relative positions of the moon, Earth and sun b. The tilted orbit of the moon c. The moons period of revolution just equals its period of rotation d. Sunlight reflecting off Earth’s surface What causes the phases of the moon? a. The relative positions of the moon, Earth and sun b. The tilted orbit of the moon c. The moons period of revolution just equals its period of rotation d. Sunlight reflecting off Earth’s surface How far is Earth from the sun? a. b. c. d. One AU 150 million kilometers 93 million miles All of the above How far is Earth from the sun? a. b. c. d. One AU 150 million kilometers 93 million miles All of the above What is the speed of light? a. b. c. d. 300,000 m/s 300,000 km/s 300,000 feet/s 300,000 AU/s What is the speed of light? a. b. c. d. 300,000 m/s 300,000 km/s 300,000 feet/s 300,000 AU/s We never see the other side of the moon. TRUE FALSE We never see the other side of the moon. TRUE FALSE A _____ contains billions of stars in a space much larger than our solar system. a. b. c. d. Quasar Galaxy Black hole Gaseous planets A _____ contains billions of stars in a space much larger than our solar system. a. b. c. d. Quasar Galaxy Black hole Gaseous planets How many days does it take for the moon to go around the Earth? a. b. c. d. 14 7 365 28 How many days does it take for the moon to go around the Earth? a. b. c. d. 14 7 365 28 What are the 3 ways meteoroids can be classified? a. b. c. d. Stony, stony-metallic and metallic Stony, rocky and bumpy Foamy, metallic and shiny Hickory, dickory and dock What are the 3 ways meteoroids can be classified? a. b. c. d. Stony, stony-metallic and metallic Stony, rocky and bumpy Foamy, metallic and shiny Hickory, dickory and dock How are asteroids and meteoroids different? a. They aren’t b. Asteroids are red and meteoroids are blue c. Meteoroids are very small and asteroids are small d. Meteoroids are metallic and asteroids are stony How are asteroids and meteoroids different? a. They aren’t b. Asteroids are red and meteoroids are blue c. Meteoroids are very small and asteroids are small d. Meteoroids are metallic and asteroids are stony Where would you find the asteroid belt? a. b. c. d. Between Mercury and Venus Between Jupiter and Saturn Between Neptune and Uranus Between Mars and Jupiter Where would you find the asteroid belt? a. b. c. d. Between Mercury and Venus Between Jupiter and Saturn Between Neptune and Uranus Between Mars and Jupiter How do rockets move? a. b. c. d. By burning fuel to create thrust By nuclear fusion By burning fuel to create gravity By nuclear fission How has NASA benefited society? a. b. c. d. Everyone can visit outer space Has made our lives more convenient We can all live longer It has not helped anyone in anyway How has NASA benefited society? a. b. c. d. Everyone can visit outer space Has made our lives more convenient We can all live longer It has not helped anyone in anyway What is unique about the space shuttle? a. It can visit other planets b. It can stay in orbit for 5 years c. It takes off like a rocket and lands like an airplane d. It looks like Mickey Mouse What is unique about the space shuttle? a. It can visit other planets b. It can stay in orbit for 5 years c. It takes off like a rocket and lands like an airplane d. It looks like Mickey Mouse Which unit of measure would be most appropriate for measuring distances between the Sun and the planets? a. b. c. d. Kilometers Miles Parsecs AU’s Which unit of measure would be most appropriate for measuring distances between the Sun and the planets? a. b. c. d. Kilometers Miles Parsecs AU’s What is this diagram showing? What is this diagram showing? Solar eclipse What causes the tides? a. b. c. d. The gravitational pull of the sun The gravitational pull of the moon The gravitational pull of Mars The gravitational pull of Earth What causes the tides? a. b. c. d. The gravitational pull of the sun The gravitational pull of the moon The gravitational pull of Mars The gravitational pull of Earth