Download Database Competency 5.00

Database Fundamentals
Objective 5.01: Understand database tables
used in business
What is a Database?
A database is a tool used to
organize, store, retrieve, and
communicate (report on)
groups of related information.
Slide 2
Examples of Databases
• Telephone book
• Online library card catalog
–Media Center information
–Encyclopedias
–Dictionaries
• eBay and other online
businesses
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Business stock inventory
• Barcode scanner keeps
inventory in database
Real estate listings
• MLS listings online
Fingerprint database
–Inventory
–Keep track of customers,
products, vendors, pay pal
accounts
Slide 3
More Examples of Databases
• Payroll data
– Employee names
– Employee Soc. Security
numbers
– Pay rates
– Exemptions
• Hospital/patient data
• Internet search engines
databases
• iTunes
–Music
• Personal address book
• Student data (NCWISE),
such as Student ID #’s
Slide 4
Why do businesses use databases?
• A database is a tool used by businesses
to manage the huge amount of data
required to run the business.
– For example, a business may use several
databases to keep track of employee
information, customers, products, and prices
of products.
– All of the information can be easily and
efficiently managed and shared by database
software.
Slide 5
What makes a Database?
Databases consist of 4 main Objects:
1.
Tables - store data in rows and columns
2.
Queries - retrieve and process data
3.
Forms - control data entry and data views
A form is a customized manner of inputting data into a
database or presenting data on a screen.
4.
Reports - summarize and print data
Slide 6
Tables
Tables store data, so they are the
essential building blocks
of all databases.
Tables--are used to group
and organize the
information within a database.
All databases contain at least one table.
– Each database usually consists of one or more tables.
Slide 7
Tables
All databases should have a separate
table for every major
subject, such as
employee records or
customer orders.
Tables organize data.
Data should not be duplicated in
multiple tables.
Slide 8
Tables
1. A Table is an arrangement of columns and
rows.
• A Table is the fundamental building block
of all databases.
• In a Database Table:
•
Rows called Records
•
Columns called Fields
Slide 9
Table Components: Entry, Field, Record
2. An Entry is a single piece of data in a
database table.
• Data is made up of characters.
• Data is typed into a Field
as an entry.
•
Example:
• Beverages is an entry in the
Category Name field.
Slide 10
Tables
3. A Field is a grouping or category of similar
information contained in a table.
• A Field is represented by a COLUMN.
• It is comprised of entries.
• A Field is a unique identifier
for a category of information.
• It is one item or bit of
information in a record.
Slide 11
Tables
4. A Record is a complete description of all of
the fields related to one item in a table.
• A Record – A group of related fields of
information.
• Everything on one row
is a record.
• A Record is a single piece
of data in a database table.
Slide 12
Database Tables: The Big Picture
1. Table
2. Entries
3. Field
4. Record
4. RECORDS (rows)
3. FIELDS (columns)
2. ENTRIES
(cells)
To calculate the number of entries in a database--multiply the number of fields
by the number of records.
Ex. 5 fields(columns)*26 rows (records) = 130 entries in this database.
Slide 13
What is the answer?
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•
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Name
Birth date
Social Security No.
Street
City
State
Zip
Phone
Each item on the left is
classified as a/an:
a) Table
b) Record
c) Field
d) Entry
Slide 14
What is the answer?
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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Susan Almond
10/22/1985
245-88-9845
31 Bessemer St.
Greensboro
NC
25233
336-585-5646
Each item on the left is
classified as a/an:
a) Table
b) Record
c) Field
d) Entry
Slide 15
What is the answer?
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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Susan Almond
10/22/1985
245-88-9845
31 Bessemer St.
Greensboro
NC
25233
336-585-5646
All of the information
about Susan Almond is
classified as a/an:
a) Table
b) Record
c) Field
d) Entry
Slide 16
What is the answer?
• Information about multiple employees is classified
as a/an:
a) Table
b) Record
c) Field
d) Entry
Slide 17
Susan’s Record
Name
Almond,
Susan
Bday
SS
10/22/19 245-8885
9845
Street
City
31
Greensboro
Bessemer St
St
Zip
NC
25233
Phone
336-5855646
One record is displayed from the Employee Table
above. The table contains 8 fields.
Slide 18