Download Week 13 Lesson 1

VA and US History
Pearl Harbor
Lecture Notes:
Unit 7 Lesson 3
Standard VUS.11a
Bell Ringer
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Why do you think
a country would
take over another
country?
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Resources, trade,
or colonization…
but mostly…to
take their stuff
and make money
off of it.
Key Points
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Industrial Japan = Imperial Japan
Attack at Pearl Harbor
America Enters the War
The Battle of Midway
Trade…
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In the 1850s, Commodore
Matthew Perry is given orders
to force Japan to trade with
the United States…
Pre-World War II Japan
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During the 1930s a militaristic Japan invaded and
brutalized Manchuria and China as it sought military
and economic domination over Asia.
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The United States refused to recognize Japanese
conquests in Asia and imposed an embargo on
exports of oil and steel to Japan.
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Tensions rose but both countries negotiated to avoid
war.
Quote of the Day
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“So long as Japan remained a well-behaved member of
that imperial club of Great Powers who-in keeping with
the Open Door Policy- were sharing the exploitation of
China, the United States did not object. It had
exchanged notes with Japan in 1917 saying "the
Government of the United States recognizes that Japan
has special interests in China." In 1928…when Japan
…moved toward the tin, rubber, and oil of Southeast
Asia, that the United States became alarmed and took
those measures which led to the Japanese attack: a total
embargo on scrap iron, a total embargo on oil in the
summer of 1941.” -- Howard Zinn (historian)
Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Ten years later, the United States is negotiating with
Japan to end the tensions…
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While negotiating with the U.S. and without any
warning, Japan carried out an air attack on the
American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on
December 7, 1941.
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The attack destroyed much of the American Pacific
fleet and killed several thousand Americans.
Surprise Attack
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Both the Army and Naval leaders expected an
attack of some sort from the Japanese during
that time, but underestimated the capability of
the aircraft carrier.
Attack Map
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Attack Begins
USS Arizona prior to attack
Sketch of Arizona Ruins
The Battleship Arizona Memorial
Declaration of War Against Japan
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On December 8, 1941, the
day after the Japanese
attacked Pearl Harbor,U.S.
President Franklin
Roosevelt addressed a
joint session of Congress
and asked for a
declaration of war against
Japan. Roosevelt called
December 7 "a date which
will live in infamy."
America is at war on all fronts
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After Pearl Harbor, Hitler honored a pact with
Japan and declared war on the United
States.
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The debates over isolationism in the United
States were over.
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World War II was now a true world war and
the United States was fully involved.
Propaganda Poster
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Poster published by the United States Office of
Information, 1942
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Pacific
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Midway—In the “Miracle of Midway,” American naval
forces defeated a much larger Japanese force as it
prepared to seize Midway Island.
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Coming only a few months after Pearl Harbor, a
Japanese victory at Midway would have enabled
Japan to invade Hawaii.
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The American victory ended the Japanese threat to
Hawaii and began a series of American victories in
the “island hopping” campaign that carried the war
closer and closer to Japan.
Japanese Strategy
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Following Pearl Harbor:
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Japan invaded the Philippines and Indonesia and
planned to invade both Australia and Hawaii.
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Japanese leaders hoped that America would then
accept Japanese predominance in Southeast Asia
and the Pacific, rather than conduct a bloody and
costly war to reverse Japanese gains
Watch Movie
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Pearl Harbor