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Han China Mr. Grossmann Global 9 R/H Beginnings 206 BCE – 220 CE (426 years) Founded by Liu Bang, a rebel leader who defeated the Qin. Han Dynasty took over for the Qin after a short rule. Claimed mandate of heaven for harsh rule under Legalism Strong Emperor Wudi conquered and controlled many regions, solved many of China’s problems. Changes End of Legalism as a means of keeping order. Confucianism became the official belief system of China. Scholars and books were no longer buried/burned, respectively. Increased trade with other civilizations, opening of the Silk Road (will talk about this later, also don’t copy the stuff in these parentheses down). New products like cucumbers, grapes, glass, etc. Government positions given to qualified members of the country through a rigorous civil service exam. Achievements Han Dynasty lasted many years and set the standard for future dynasties (Chinese consider themselves “people of the Han”). Advanced sciences, improved fields of botany, zoology, astronomy, chemistry. Inventions used worldwide like the boat rudder, wheelbarrow, fishing reel and paper. Medical techniques like acupuncture and use of various plants to heal sickness Silk production was perfected and created a highly sought after product. Fall of the Han Dynasty Growing population became difficult to support. Increased wealth was not distributed evenly, taxes couldn’t support the army. Regional warlords began to fight amongst themselves. Political chaos caused by disinterested emperors and assassinations. Nomadic tribes continued their invasions of China. Result of Han Downfall 300 years of disunity for China’s many provinces and areas. Period of Three Kingdoms (Wei, Shu & Wu). Warring states tried to seize control without success. Technology continued to advance, with inventions like the compass and gunpowder. Succeeded by the Jin Dynasty.