Download Proton Exchange Fuel Cell:

Proton Exchange Fuel Cell:
The PEM fuel cell was invented in the early 1960s by Willard Thomas Grubb and
Leonard Niedrach of General Electric. Initially, sulfonated polystyrene membranes were
used for electrolytes, but they were replaced in 1966 by Nafion ionomer, which proved to
be superior in performance and durability to sulfonated polystyrene.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel
cells (PEMFC), are a type of fuel cell being developed for transport applications as well
as for stationary and portable applications. Their distinguishing features include lower
temperature/pressure ranges and a special polymer electrolyte membrane.
PEM fuel cells were used in the NASA Gemini series of spacecraft, but they were
replaced by Alkaline fuel cells in the Apollo program and in the Space shuttle