Download AP Chemistry – Chapter 7 Reading Guide: Periodic Table of the

AP Chemistry – Chapter 7 Reading Guide: Periodic Table of the Elements
1.
Explain how the periodic table can be used as a classification scheme.
2. Describe the contributions of Dmitri Mendeleev (who told the elements where to go?), Lothar
Meyer, and Henry Mosely.
3. Define effective nuclear charge (Zeff).
4. Explain the periodic trend for Zeff and how it relates to atomic radius, ionization energy, and
electronegativity. (Please note how much room you have to answer this question)
5. Explain the variations in ion size among the elements, the change in size when an atom gains or
loses an electron, and predict the relative size of ions based on their charge and position on the
periodic table.
6. Explain the variations in first ionization energy.
7. Explain the variations in electron affinities.
8. Describe the periodic trends for metallic and non-metallic character.
9. Describe the general differences in chemical reactivity between metals and nonmetals.
10. Describe the general and physical and chemical behavior of the alkali metals, and alkali earth
metals, and explain how their chemistry relates to their position on the periodic table.
11. Explain what an allotrope is and provide an example.
12. Explain the dominant chemical reactions of oxygen and relate this behavior to its position on the
periodic table.
13. Describe the physical states and colors of halogens, and explain the trends in reactivity with
increasing atomic number in the family.
14. Explain the very low chemical reactivity of the noble gas elements.