Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Bell Work PRESS THE RIGHT-ARROW BUTTON SPI 0807.9.9 ON YOUR KEYBOARD TO ADVANCE Dec THROUGH THE PRESENTATION Periodic Table Instructions: Answer these questions on your paper What is the chemical symbol for gold? How many protons does each atom of gold have? Periodic table: Silly Image (Gold Fish) 17, 2013 Quick Review SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Periodic table A chart of all known chemical elements Shows all the different types of atoms Purpose To quickly locate a variety of information about a particular element How is it organized Organized into rows called periods Organized into columns called groups Arranged in numerical order by the atomic number Also arranged other ways (metals, nonmetals, metalloids, etc) Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Periods: The rows are called periods, and there are seven of them Per 1 Per 2 Per 3 Per 4 Per 5 Per 6 Per 7 From period 6 From period 7 Periods SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table •The period number tells you the number of electron shells •All elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table The period numbers reveals how many electron shells an atom has Example: Every element in period 2 has 2 electron shells Per 1 Per 2 Per 3 Per 4 Per 5 Per 6 Per 7 Period 2 (Each element here has 2 electron shells) Notes SPI 0807.9.9 (Per Table) Period Number and Electron Shells Below is a model of one boron (B) atom (atomic number-5) Notice that it has two electron shells 1st Shell 2nd Shell Legend Since it has two shells, it is located in =protons the second period of the periodic table =neutrons =electrons x5 x6 Notes SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Again…the period numbers reveals how many electron shells an atom has Example: Every element in period 3 has 3 electron shells Per 1 Per 2 Per 3 Per 4 Per 5 Per 6 Per 7 Period 3 (Each element here has 3 electron shells) Period Number and Electron Shells Below is a model of one sodium (Na) atom (atomic number-11) Notice that it has three electron shells 1st Shell 2nd Shell 3rd Shell x 11 x 12 Legend Since it has three shells, it is located in =protons the third period of the periodic table =neutrons =electrons SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Notes Groups: the columns are called groups (also called families) There are 18 groups 1 18 13 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Notes The group number (in some cases) can reveal how many electrons are in the outer most shells. These are called the valence electrons Example: Every element in group 1 has only 1 valence electron 1 18 13 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 Notes SPI 0807.9.9 HINT: Periodic Table Remember V =V Vgroup for vertical = Vreveal for valence electrons Again, the number can the number of valence electrons Note: However this only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18 (see below) 1 18 13 2 This "trick" does not work with groups 3 to 12 14 15 16 17 For groups 1 to 2: The group number equals the number of valence electrons Example: Every element in group two has two valence electrons For groups 13 to 18: Subtract 10 from the group number to determine the valence electrons Example: Every element in group 13 has 3 valence electrons (13-10=3) 1 18 2 13 This "trick" does not work with groups 3 to 12 14 15 16 17 Group Number and Valence Electronss Below is a model of one silicon (Si) atom Notice that it has four electrons in the outer shell In other words it has 4 valence electrons With 4 valence electrons it is located in group 14 of the periodic table x 14 x 14 Legend =protons =neutrons =electrons