Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
+ Disease Prevention and Control + Types of Diseases Communicable Diseases a disease that is spread from one living thing to another a disease that is spread through the environment Noncommunicable Disease a disease that is NOT transmitted by a living thing or the environment + Communicable Diseases Respiratory Infections – occur anywhere in the respiratory tract (from nose to lungs) Common Cold Influenza Pneumonia Sexually Transmitted Diseases HIV/Aids HPV (Human Papillomavirus) Genital Herpes Gonorrhea Hepatitis – an inflammation of the liver Hepatitis A, B, and C Other Lyme Disease West Nile Virus Malaria + Lyme Disease + Causes of Communicable Diseases An organism that causes disease is called a pathogen. An infection is a condition when pathogens enter the body, they multiply, and they damage body cells. Bacteria Viruses a piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat will invade cells and produce more virus Other single-celled microorganisms Fungi – fungus such as mold or yeast enter the body and multiply treated with antibiotics Protozoans – single-celled organisms + How Communicable Diseases are Transmitted Direct Contact touching, coughing, sneezing, biting, kissing, sexual contact Indirect Contact Contaminated Objects – virus or bacteria on object Vectors – an organism, usually an insect, like a tick, that carries and transmits pathogens to humans or other animals Water and food – undercooked food, contact with feces Airborne Transmission pathogens that float in the air and do not settle on surfaces influenza, chicken pox, tuberculosis + Preventing Communicable Diseases Handwashing Other Prevention Strategies running water and soap Eat a healthy diet scrub for 20 seconds Exercise regularly dry hands Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze Use insect repellant when outdoors in warm weather Practice abstinence Manage stress in a healthy way Handling Food Properly Wash hands first Clean surfaces Separate raw meat from other food Cook meat thoroughly Refrigerate leftover food + Noncommunicable Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases – affects the heart of blood vessels. hypertension (high blood pressure) Atherosclerosis – plaque accumulates on artery walls heart diseases – chest pains, irregular heartbeats, heart attack, congestive heart failure stroke Cancer – uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells Allergies – specific reaction of the immune system to a substance that is frequently harmless + Noncommunicable Diseases Asthma– condition in which the small airways in the lungs become narrowed, causing difficulty in breathing Diabetes– chronic, life-long disease that affects the way the body converts food into energy body does not produce insulin glucose (sugar) builds up in the blood instead of in body cells Arthritis– pain and loss of movement in the joints + Causes of Noncommunicable Diseases Diet high-fat, high-cholesterol foods excess weight Lack of Exercise Family History (heredity) Lifestyle Choices Environmental Risks tobacco, alcohol, or other drug use suntanning/burning exposure to radiation or other carcinogens Aging + How Noncommunicable Diseases are Transmitted There is no transmission because these diseases are not given from one person to another. + Preventing Noncommunicable Diseases Cannot control all factors – heredity (family history), age, gender Controllable factors Eat nutritious foods low fat, low cholesterol, low sodium, nutrient-dense foods Maintain a healthy weight Exercise regularly Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs Protect your skin from ultraviolet radiation