Download Mountain kingdoms

Mountain kingdoms
Geographic Isolation
• Geographic Isolation
• The main geographic feature of Nepal and Bhutan is…
- mountainous landscapes.
• Each country consists of a central upland.
-ridges and valleys leading up to mountains, with a
small low land area along the Indian border.
• The rugged landscape of Nepal and Bhutan has isolated
the countries throughout their histories.
Evolving monarchies
Evolving Monarchies
*Nepal And Bhutan were split into
small religious kingdoms or ruling
states.
- Hindu kings ruled in Nepal
- Buddhists controlled Bhutan
*The countries were led by hereditary
monarchy.
Developing Economies
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Limited Resources
They are poor countries with economies
based mainly on agriculture.
Farm plots are small, soils are poor, and
erosion is a problem.
Timber industry is very important.
Nepal's forests are being cut down at the rate
of 1 percent a year.
Developing Economies
Increasing Tourism
• The fastest growing industries in Nepal is
tourism
• To the valley Kathmandu, the capital, to climb
the Himalayas
Rich Cultural Traditions
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Mix of Peoples
Nepal has more than 26 million people which is made up of over 40 different races
and tribes.
Indo-Nepalese Hindus are a majority of the people in Nepal. They speak Nepali
which is Sanskrit and ancient Indo-Aryan language.
The main ethnic group in Bhutan is Bhote.
Sherpas are a cultural group that live in the East in the Himalayas and they are
traditional mountain guides of the Everest region. Their major occupations are
agriculture and animal husbandry. Animal husbandry is the breeding and caring
for farm animals.
Tamangs are a cultural group that live in valleys or middle hills. In Tibetan
language Tamang means horse traders. Most of the Tamangs live in the hills
surrounding Kathmandu Valley. Their social practices and customs are based on
Buddhism and they have their own language, Tamang. They work as farmers,
laborers, and porters.
Tharus’ are the largest and oldest cultural group that live in the Terai region close to
forests. Their complexions and dark and they have skinny, but healthy bodies. They’re
Hindu and their practices are based off of many Aryan practices. Farming and
business are their major occupations. Just like the Tamangs they speak their own
language.
Rich Cultural Traditions
Religious Customs
•Buddha was the founder of Buddhism and was born in the sixth century B.C.
•Buddhist teachings were originally taught in Nepal until it was later replaced by
Hinduism.
• There are five types of animals, always male, that are sacrificed for their religion.
They are chickens, ducks, goats, sheep, and water buffalos. Cows can’t be sacrificed
because they are considered sacred animals.
•The five major religions in Nepal are Hinduism, Buddhism, Tantrism, Islam, and
Christianity.
•Both Hinduism and Buddhism are influenced by the beliefs and practices of
Tantrism. Tantrism is a religion of moral percepts, meditation, yoga, and mantras.
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Rich Cultural Traditions
The Arts and Recreation
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Folk Art and festivals are the most important in their Himalayan culture.
Artisans, which is a skilled craftsperson, make many things such as swords, bells, and
sculptures. They can also weave colorful patterns using silk, cotton, and wool.
In festivals, the musicians play songs using the flutes, drums, and horns. While they play
they’re wearing costumes and dancing based on religious stories.
Bhutan is known for their archery competitions which goes back to the ancient times
where Bhutanese warriors were the best arches of the Himalayans.
Holi is a spring festival, also known as the festival of colors or the festival of love. It is an
ancient Hindu religious festival that they do every year. Holi signifies the victory of good
over evil, the arrival of spring, and the end of winter. The date for Holi is different every
year and is based off of the Hindu calendar.
Most poetry is memorized and can be recited by heart.
Vocab.
• Constitutional Monarchy- Kingdoms in
which the rulers powers are limited by a
constitution
• Sherpa- People from the high Himalayas
are the traditional mountain guides of
the Everest region
• Siddhartha Gautama- Founder of
Buddhism
• Mandala- Geometric designs that are
symbols of the universe and aid in
meditation