Download GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY

GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
Name (Last, First): ______________________________________ Date: __________________
For the next 5 questions use the figure at
the right.
1. Which of the following pairs of faults are
the results of compressive stresses?
A.
B.
C.
D.
K&L
M&N
J&K
none of these
2. Which is a blind thrust fault?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
O
M
K
J
L
N
3. Which is a right-lateral, strike-slip fault?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
K
O
M
N
L
J
4. Which of the above choices is a true reverse fault?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
K
O
N
M
L
J
5. Which of the above choices is a true normal fault?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
O
L
K
J
N
M
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
6. Which is the most dense?
A.
B.
C.
D.
continental crust
oceanic crust
core
mantle
7. Moving progressively away from the ridges, the ocean water depths increase systematically with
seafloor age due to all but which of the following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
conduction of heat away from the molten surface rocks
cooling and contraction of the oceanic crust due to a resultant increase in density
erosion of the older ocean floor by deep ocean currents
isostatic down warping due to the weight of sediments deposited on the sea floor
8. ________ faults are commonly found at areas of plate convergence where subduction or
continental collision occurs.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Reverse
Strike-slip
Transform
Normal
9. The ________ is an example of an active, continent-continent collision.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Arabian Peninsula slamming into North Africa under the Red Sea
northward movement of India into Eurasia
westward movement of the South American plate over the Nazca plate
northern movement of Baja California and a sliver of western California toward the Hawaiian
Islands
10. Linear, magnetic patterns associated with mid-ocean ridges are configured as ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
normal and reversed magnetized strips roughly perpendicular to the ridge axis
normal and reversed magnetized strips roughly parallel to the ridge
concentric circles about a rising plume of hot mantle rocks and magma
reversed magnetizations along the rift valleys and normal magnetizations along the ridge
11. The half-life of carbon-14 is about 6000 years. Assume that a sample of charcoal formed by
burning of living wood 15,000 years ago. How much of the original carbon-14 would remain today?
A.
B.
C.
D.
more than 50%
between 12.5% and 25%
between 33% and 50%
between 25% and 50%
12. After three half-lives, one-ninth of an original, radioactive parent isotope remains and eight-ninths
has decayed into the daughter isotope.
A. False
B. True
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
13. What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and earthquake intensity?
A. earthquake magnitude is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake intensity is a
measure of energy release
B. earthquake magnitude is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake intensity is a
measure of fault slip
C. earthquake intensity is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake magnitude is a
measure of energy release
D. earthquake magnitude is a measure of the amount of fault slip and earthquake intensity is a
measure of energy release
For the next 5 questions use the figure at the right.
14. Which is the earthquake slip area?
A.
B.
C.
D.
M
K
J
L
15. Which is the earthquake epicenter?
E.
F.
G.
H.
A. L
B. K
C. J
D. M
16. What are multiplied by each other to
determine the earthquake magnitude?
A.
B.
C.
D.
L&M
K&M
J&M
J&K
17. Which is the earthquake hypocenter?
A.
B.
C.
D.
M
L
J
K
18. Which is the earthquake fault scarp?
A.
B.
C.
D.
M
L
K
J
19. During large subduction zone earthquakes, some areas go up and some areas go down.
A. True
B. False
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
For the next 2 questions use the figure at the right.
20. Interseismic strain in a subduction zone looks like the
drawing below.
A. True
B. False
21. Vertical motion during a subduction zone earthquake
is the opposite from the drawing below.
A. False
B. True
For the next 3 questions use the figure at the right.
22. The “B” profile represents:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Raleigh-wave velocity
S-wave velocity
P-wave velocity
Love-wave velocity
23. The “A” profile represents:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Love-wave velocity
S-wave velocity
Raleigh-wave velocity
P-wave velocity
24. What does the plot tell us about the outer core?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The outer core is solid and P-waves cannot travel through solid.
The outer core is solid and P-waves cannot travel through solid.
The outer core is liquid and P-waves cannot travel through liquid.
The outer core is liquid and S-waves cannot travel through liquid.
25. Which wave is the last to reach the seismograph station?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Surface waves
P-waves
Body waves
All of the waves reach the station at the same time
S-waves
26. Which is the least dense?
A.
B.
C.
D.
continental crust
mantle
oceanic crust
core
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
For the next 3 questions use the figure at the right.
27. The faulting shown is the result of which tectonic
forces:
A. M
B. L
28. The faults shown are called _____ faults.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Normal
Reverse
Thrust
Transform
29. The landforms J and K are called _____ and ______
A.
B.
C.
D.
Graben, Horst
Basin, Range
neither A nor B
both A and B
30. What happens to oceanic crust as it gets older, in the correct order?
A.
B.
C.
D.
crust becomes more dense and sinks
crust cools, becomes more dense, and sinks
crust heats, becomes less dense, and rises
crust gets more dense, cools, and rises
31. Mexico City was built on mud deposits. How will this affect the earthquake hazard there?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
There will be more earthquakes, but they won't travel far
Earthquakes shaking will be increased
There will not be any earthquakes there
Earthquakes will be dampened there
P waves will be seen, but not S waves
32. Pull-apart rift zones are generally associated with a ________ plate boundary.
A.
B.
C.
D.
all plate boundaries
transform
divergent
convergent
33. The ________ forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.
A.
B.
C.
D.
astrosphere
geosphere
asthenosphere
lithosphere
34. The percentage of radioactive atoms that decay during one half-life is always the same.
A. True
B. False
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
35. What causes earthquakes in San Francisco?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Transform faults
These are intraplate earthquakes
Dip-slip faults from divergent plate boundaries
Dip-slip faults from Subduction
Dip-slip faults from convergent plate boundaries
36. Which of the following is true about seismographs taken far from the epicenter of the earthquake
as compared to those that are closer?
A.
B.
C.
D.
There will not be any P-waves detected
There will not be any S-waves detected
The P and S waves will be closer together
The P and S waves will be further apart
37. The _______ is the compass orientation of the line formed by the intersection of the fault and the
horizontal plane. The __________ is measured in cross-sectional view as the angle between the
horizontal plane and the fault.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
dip; dip
dip; strike
strike; dip
strike; strike
strike and dip; strike and dip
38. The fault shown in the map view on the right is a
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
dip-slip fault
pointing in the direction of plate movement
Reverse fault
left-lateral, strike-slip fault
right-lateral, strike-slip fault
39. The ________ is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
A.
B.
C.
D.
mantle
crust
outer core
inner core
40. The volcanoes and deep valleys of east Africa are related to a ________.
A. transform fault aligned with the Red Sea carrying the Arabian and African blocks in opposite
directions
B. continental collision zone between Africa and the Zagros Mountains along the southern margin
of Eurasia
C. continental rift along which parts of the African continent are beginning to slowly separate
D. fault allowing Arabia to slip westward past east Africa and penetrate into Turkey
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
41. What causes earthquakes in San Francisco?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Transform faults
These are intraplate earthquakes
Dip-slip faults from divergent plate boundaries
Dip-slip faults from convergent plate boundaries
Dip-slip faults from Subduction
42. Choose the correct names for the
seismic waves labeled a, b, and C.
A.
B.
C.
D.
P-wave, Surface-waves, S-wave
Surface-waves, P-wave, S-wave
P-wave, S-wave, Surface-waves
S-wave, P-wave, Surface-waves
43. The Hawaiian Islands are an
example of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Two Continental plates converging
Hot Spots
Two Ocean plates converging
Transform Fault Boundary
Diverging plates
44. The Elastic Rebound Theory is made up of four parts. Which of the following is in the correct
sequential order?
A.
B.
C.
D.
stress, strain, rupture, rebound
rebound, rupture, stress, strain
stress, rebound, rupture, strain
none of these is correct
45. Which of the following energy sources is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's
lithospheric plates?
A.
B.
C.
D.
swirling movements of the molten iron particles in the outer core
gravitational attractive forces of the Sun and Moon
electrical and magnetic fields localized in the inner core
export of heat from deep in the mantle to the top of the asthenosphere
46. The largest earthquake ever recorded by modern instruments (seismometers):
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sonora, Mexico, May 3rd, 1887.
Alaska, March 27th, 1964.
Mexico City, September 9th, 1985.
none of the above.
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GEOL 106 Mid Term I KEY
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