Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Yellowjacket 1 Sting Yellowjacket Dr. Joe Smith Composition I 4 October 2011 Comment [A1]: MLA papers begin with the following identifying information. Sample MLA Passage MLA style may seem unwieldy and complex at first, but whether you are a student or a professional, it is essential to your ability to ethically and accurately document sources. John Smith, author of “Avoiding Plagiarism At All Costs,” likens plagiarism to identity theft. He writes, “when someone steals your identity, they rob you of a life that you have worked for: Comment [CH2]: Source is introduced in full at first use. MLA citations are formatted according to author-page. your name, your money, your credit standing, and your integrity. Likewise, when someone steals a writer’s words or ideas, they are robbing that writer of his or her identity as well, as writing is so personal and a product of hard work” (34). MLA allows for a standard of documentation that clearly and accurately gives credit where credit is due. In this way, “the Comment [CH3]: “Smith” is not included because of the previous author lead-in. writer maintains his or her integrity and likewise his or her hard work is recognized by fellow writers, instead of recklessly and disrespectfully stolen,” notes the site “MLA and You.” Thus, when a writer’s words or ideas are used, MLA documentation requires writers not only to indicate when they are using a source’s information, through source introductions or attributive Comment [CH4]: This is a web source without a listed author; thus, we use the title here and a shortened version (“MLA”) after this point. There are no page numbers listed for websites. tags like “According to Author Jones,” but to also indicate, through parenthetical citations, where those ideas end (Smith 35). In those parenthetical citations, readers receive the very important information of the source and page number so that they, too, might research and find that same information. Finally, the source, and all of its relevant information, is documented in a works Comment [CH5]: Because we’ve used another source between Smith’s work, we must include both the author and page number. cited list, further identifying and crediting the work. This, as Smith notes, keeps writers honest and sources recognized (36-38). Betty Jackson states that writers will do well to remember that MLA documentation is a four-step process (qtd. in Smith 38). The first time a source is used, he or she should be introduced in full: full name and full article or book title. After that point, the author’s or authors’ last name(s) can be used. Second, all directly quoted material must be enclosed in quotation marks. Remember, however, that it is not enough to change only a few words; either directly quote the text, or rewrite it completely in your own words and writing style through summary or paraphrase (Jackson qtd. in Smith 38-39). No matter what kind of source treatment Comment [CH6]: Jackson is our indirect source, found in Smith’s work (our original source); only Smith appears in the works cited list. Yellowjacket 2 you use, all three require citations in the text; this is the third step. Unfortunately, it is a step that many writers forget. According to Irene McKibbin: all paraphrases, summaries, and quotes require a parenthetical Comment [CH7]: Block quotes are used for quotes that are four or more lines in YOUR text; they are introduced with a colon. citation with page number, and some will require the addition of the source’s name if he or she is not introduced in the sentence lead-in, or if readers might be confused as to which source is being used. Even if you use your own writing, you are still using the source’s ideas, and these ideas must be credited. (26) Finally, all sources that appear in the essay must appear in a correctly formatted works cited page at the end; likewise, all sources that appear in the works cited list must appear in the essay itself (“MLA”). These are the four steps that will help keep you safe when citing; if you are in doubt, it is better to over-cite than risk unethical source treatment, which carries heavy consequences in Comment [CH8]: Notice the formatting for the block quote: indented twice; no quotation marks; punctuation is included at the end of the statement, creating a “hanging citation.” Comment [CH9]: The shortened version of the website article is used here, as no author is available. academia. Works Cited McKibbin, Irene. “Tips for Successful MLA Documentation.” The Student’s Handbook for College-Level Writing 2nd ed. Ed. Eric Fullerton. Boston: Longman, 2009. 20-42. Print. “MLA and You.” Online Writing Lab. Scholastic Writing Society. 2010. Web. 20 Jan. Comment [CH10]: entry in an edited anthology. Notice that we supply the name of the author and title of the essay before the anthology’s information. “Ed.” indicates that Eric Fullerton is the editor of the collection. Comment [CH11]: website without author 2011. Smith, John. “Avoiding Plagiarism At All Costs.” The Writer’s Guide to MLA Documentation. New York: Penguin, 2010. 32-40. Print. Comment [CH12]: chapter in a book— no editor. Yellowjacket 3 MLA Quick Reference: Common Source Formats Recent MLA Changes: • Underlining has been fired: Titles of larger texts such as books and magazines are placed in italics. • Web addresses have been fired: Web addresses for databases and web pages are not needed unless the professor instructs you to use them. If required, enclose web address in brackets <url>. • All entries require a listing of the source’s format (print, web, CD-ROM, etc.). • Missing information is noted: If the date of publication is missing, write n.d. If there is no publisher, write n.p. If the site doesn’t have page numbers write n. pag. • All scholarly journal articles now require both volume and issue numbers. Online Newspaper Article Johnson, Amber. “Animal Wisdom.” New York Times. New York Times, 15 May 2011. Web. 19 May 2011. Article on Web Site Smith, Jennifer. “Academic Research in the 21st Century.” HigherEducation. Higher Education, Inc. 2009. Web. 26 March 2012. Notice that for online sources we provide the author of the article, the title of the article, the website name, the sponsor, date of last update, the medium, and the date of access. You may have to search for some of this information, even returning to the main URL site of the page to find publisher and sponsor. Online Periodical Sequoi, Jules. “Birds of a Feather.” New Yorker.com. New Yorker, 14 Sept. 2008. Web. 1 Feb. 2009. Google Scholar Article or Book Chapter Smith, John. “Adorno Is the Bane of My Existence.” Google Scholar. Google Books, 30 Oct. 2009. Web. 15 Nov. 2009. Scholarly Journal Article from Database Jenson, Kent, and Holly Kristines. “Understanding Contemporary Horror.” The Journal of Popular Culture 45.3 (2001): 45-60. JSTOR. Web. 15 March 2012. Periodical in an Online Database Hermick, Steve, Saphron, James, and Chelsea Chere. “Obamacare Because Obama Cares.” Washington Post 15 March 2012, final ed.: A3. EBSCO Host. Web. 27 Mar. 2012. Online-only Publication (Or Database articles that do not provide page numbers) Rose, Daniel. “Effects of Reality TV on Young Minds.” Psychology & Society 8.3 (2009): n. pag. Web. 5 Dec. 2009. Online Book Sartre, Charles. Americana in Young Adult Literature. Boston: U of Boston P, 2001. 2 June 2007. Web. Map “Spearfish, South Dakota.” Map. Google Maps. Google, 13 Nov. 2011. Web. 13 May 2012. Book by Two or More Authors Twist, Michael, Fish, Jason, and Samantha Premish. Monsters of the Midwest in Film and Literature. Boston: St. Martin’s Press, 2003. Print. Comment [A13]: For online sources, list the website name, the sponsor, and the date of publication. The date that follows the medium “web” is the date that you accessed the information. Comment [A14]: volume and issue number, plus the publication year Comment [A15]: Original publication information: name of journal, volume and issue, year of publication, and page span. Comment [A16]: Database name, medium, and the date of access Yellowjacket 4 Selection from an Anthology or Edited Collection Cohen, Jeffery Jerome. “Monster Culture: Seven Theses.” Monsters, Creatures, and Spectres. Ed. Michelle Spatz. Boston: Houghton, 2010. 48-66. Print. More Than One Selection from An Anthology or Edited Collection Phillips, Jane Ann. “The Roller Coaster.” Smith 1-27. Smith, Jennifer, ed. Best American Reading 2000-2010. Boston: Norton, 2011. Print. Michaels, John. “In the House of the Rat.” Smith 250-68. Article in a Reference Work “Postmodernism.” The Literary Encyclopedia. 5th ed. Boston: Norton, 2011. Print. Scholarly Publication (Journal) Malarks, Kent. “Ghosts of Shakespeare’s Past.” Literary 56.8 (1999): 56-70. Print. Newspaper Article Ryan, Carrie. “The Health Insurance Crisis.” Rapid City Journal 16 May 2009, final ed.: A2. Print. Article by an Unknown Author “Politics Losing Out to Spectacle.” The Globe 8 March 2010: A7. Print. Government Publication For government publications that name no author, start with: 1. The name of the government or government body; 2. The government agency; 3. Use GPO (government printing office) for the publisher United States. Cong. House. Committee on Resources. Oil Pipelines in Alaska. 106th Cong., 2nd sess. H. Rept. 19. Washington: GPO, 2001. Print. Online Video Clip YouTubeForU. “Cinnamon Challenge.” Video. YouTube. 9 October 2010. Web. 6 April 2011. Interview (indicate whether in person, by email, or by phone) Dyson, Amy. Personal Interview. 10 Oct. 2000. In-text citations: Introduce source in full at first use, including credentials. For second and subsequent uses, the last name appears in the citation: (Dyson). Writing Assistance Center at BHSU www.BHSU.edu/WritingCenter Comment [A17]: Notice that you provide the information for the author’s work before the citation information for the anthology or collection. This is the same structure you would use for an article from a textbook.