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Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide Name _______________________________ Skeletal System Study Guide 1. What are the 5 main functions of the skeletal system? 2. Name, describe, and identify where in the body the four different types of bones are found. 3. Write the functions of the following parts of a long bone. Part Articular cartilage Diaphysis Endosteum Epiphysis Medullary cavity Periosteum Red marrow Yellow marrow 4. What parts of the skeleton make up the axial skeleton? Function Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide 5. What parts of the skeleton make up the appendicular skeleton? 6. How many ribs does a person have? How are they grouped/classified? 7. How many vertebrae does a person have? How are they grouped and how many of each group are there? 8. What are the 3 differences between the pelvis of a man and the pelvis of a woman? Why are these differences necessary? 9. What are the 6 types of joints? Describe each and list where they are found. 10. Describe the three types of treatments for fractures. 11. Describe the different types of fractures. Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide 12. Identify the types of fractures: 13. Label the skeleton below. Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide Muscular System Study Guide 1. What are the four functions of the muscular system? 2. What are the three types of muscle? 3. Label the following picture. 4. Apply Your Knowledge True or false: (correct any false statements) ___ Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by ligaments. ___ Contractions of smooth muscle produce movement of organ contents. ___ Cardiac muscle produces atrial and ventricular contractions. ___ Sphincters control movement of substances out of passages only. ___ Heat is released as muscles relax. Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide 5. What is the function of skeletal muscle? Where is it located? Is it under voluntary or involuntary control? What percent of your muscular system is made up of skeletal muscle? 6. What is the function of smooth muscle? Where is it located? Is it under voluntary or involuntary control? What percent of your muscular system is made up of smooth muscle? 7. What is the function of cardiac muscle? Where is it located? Is it under voluntary or involuntary control? What percent of your muscular system is made up of cardiac muscle? 8. How do acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase work to control muscle contraction and relaxation? 9. How do acetylcholine and norepinephrine affect cardiac muscle? 10. Explain the muscle fatigue lab. What did you do? Explain why your muscles get fatigued with repetitive motions. 11. The doctor has asked you to abduct the patient’s leg so he can see the patient’s wound. In order to position the patient correctly, what will you have to do? 12. List three ways to prevent strains/sprains. 13. What is the difference between a strain and a sprain? Skeletomuscular System Test Study Guide 14. “RICE” is an acronym for treatment of sprains and strains. What does this stand for? 15. What two things can happen to your muscular system as you age? 16. Place an A, B, or C on the line to identify which type of muscle is being described. ___ Self-exciting ___ Contract in response to acetylcholine ___ Stimulate each other to contract ___ Peristalsis ___ Slowed by acetylcholine ___ Voluntary movement A. Skeletal muscle B. Smooth muscle C. Cardiac muscle 17. Match the following: ___ Rapid production energy ___ Needed for sustained or ___ Uses body’s store of glucose repeated muscle contractions ___ Muscle fatigue ___ With strenuous exercise, converts to lactic acid A. Lactic acid B. Pyruvic acid C. ATP D. Aerobic respiration E. Creatine phosphate 18. Match the following: ___ Thin covering under the fascia that surrounds the muscle ___ Separates muscles from each other ___ Connects muscles to bones ___ Divides a muscle into sections called fascicles ___ Surrounds individual muscle cells ___ Attaches muscles to other muscles A. Tendon B. Perimysium C. Aponeurosis D. Epimysium E. Fascia F. Endomysium Review Movements: Flexion – ____________________________________________________________________________ Extension – __________________________________________________________________________ Hyperextension – _____________________________________________________________________ Dorsiflexion – ________________________________________________________________________ Plantar flexion – ______________________________________________________________________ Abduction – __________________________________________________________________________ Adduction – __________________________________________________________________________ Circumduction –______________________________________________________________________ Pronation – __________________________________________________________________________ Supination – __________________________________________________________________________ Elevation – ___________________________________________________________________________ Depression – _________________________________________________________________________
