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Monotheistic
Religions
JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, AND ISLAM
Standard
SS6G11:
The student will describe
the cultural characteristics of
Europe.
B.
Describe the major religions in
Europe: include Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam
Essential Question
What
do the three Western
religions have in common?
Religion
Europe
is home to 3 main
religions:
Judaism
2. Christianity
3. Islam
1.
Similarities
 Monotheistic:
being
 Started
belief in one god/supreme
in Southwest Asia
 Abraham
 Jerusalem
is important to all 3 religions.
is an important holy city
 All
3 have a holy book
 All
3 have a place of worship.
Jerusalem, Israel
Judaism
Judaism
 This
is the religion of the Jewish
people.
 Founder: Abraham in about 2000 B.C.
 The Jewish holy book is the Torah.
 Considered the oldest of the 3
Western religions
Judaism
 Place
of Worship- Synagogues and
Temples
 Jewish people are still waiting for a
messiah or savior.
 Roughly around 15 million followers
worldwide.
 Three Main types of Judaism: Orthodox,
Conservative, and Reform.
Christianity
Christianity
 Founder:
 The

Jesus Christ in around 30 AD.
Christian holy book is the Bible.
Based on the teachings of Jesus: love of
God and neighbor, a regard for justice,
and a belief that Jesus is the Son of God.
 Christians
savior.
believe Jesus is the Messiah or
Christianity

Place of Worship- Churches and chapels.

Divided into 3 Main Groups: Eastern Orthodox,
Roman Catholic, and Protestant.

All denominations follow the teachings of Jesus.

The early Christian church spread throughout
the Roman Empire.

About 2.1 billion followers worldwide.
Islam
Islam
 Islam
means “submission to the will of Allah or
God” in Arabic.
 People who follow the beliefs of Islam are
called Muslims and the founder is
Muhammad.
 Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last
prophet of Islam.
 They
do acknowledge that Abraham and Jesus
were prophets, just not the most important one.
Islam

The Muslim holy book is the Qur’an (Koran) and it states how people
should live their lives.

There are 5 main duties of Muslims- Known as the Five Pillars of Faith

1.
Prayer
2.
Giving to Charity
3.
Belief in and submission to one God (Allah)
4.
Fasting during the month of Ramadan
5.
A Trip to Mecca once in a lifetime.
About 1.3 billion followers worldwide.
Islam
 Place
of Worship: Mosque
 There are 2 main groups of Muslims:
Sunnis and Shiites.
 Main religion of the Middle East, North
Africa, and Asia