* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Hinduism and Buddhism (pages 246–253)
Pratītyasamutpāda wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism and psychology wikipedia , lookup
Tara (Buddhism) wikipedia , lookup
Buddha-nature wikipedia , lookup
Gautama Buddha wikipedia , lookup
Buddhist philosophy wikipedia , lookup
Nirvana (Buddhism) wikipedia , lookup
Dhyāna in Buddhism wikipedia , lookup
Buddhist texts wikipedia , lookup
Greco-Buddhism wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism and Western philosophy wikipedia , lookup
Buddhist ethics wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism in Japan wikipedia , lookup
History of Buddhism in Cambodia wikipedia , lookup
History of Buddhism wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism and sexual orientation wikipedia , lookup
Dalit Buddhist movement wikipedia , lookup
Sanghyang Adi Buddha wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism in Vietnam wikipedia , lookup
History of Buddhism in India wikipedia , lookup
Silk Road transmission of Buddhism wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism in Myanmar wikipedia , lookup
Enlightenment in Buddhism wikipedia , lookup
Decline of Buddhism in the Indian subcontinent wikipedia , lookup
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. D AILY L ESSON AND D ISCUSSION Notes 4-2 Hinduism and Buddhism (pages 246–253) Tibet and tries to expel Tibetan Buddhism.Tibetans who fail to denounce their religion or possess an image of the Dalai Lama, their religious I. Hinduism (pages 247–248) A. Hinduism, the world’s third-largest religion, is one of the oldest religions. B. Hinduism’s roots are in the Aryan religion, which changed after borrowing ideas from conquered people of India. C. Brahman is the universal spirit made up of thousands of deities. D. The Upanishads are ancient sacred texts that describe the search for Brahman. E. Reincarnation is the idea of passing through many lives to reach Brahman. F. Dharma is the divine law of Hindus. This law states that Hindus must perform the duties of their caste. G. The consequences of how a person lives is called karma. According to Hindus, what are the consequences of a good and a bad life? (Hindus believe if a person lives a good life, then that person might be reborn into a higher caste. If the person lives a bad life, then the person might be reborn in a lower caste.) WH6.5 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early civilizations of India. WH6.5.3 Explain the major beliefs and practices of Brahmanism in India and how they evolved into early Hinduism. WH6.5.5 Know the life and moral teachings of the Buddha and how Buddhism spread in India, Ceylon, and Central Asia. 1 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. D AILY L ESSON AND D ISCUSSION Notes 4-2 II. Buddhism (pages 249–253) A. Buddhism is a religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the man who became known as the Buddha, or “Enlightened One.” B. Siddhartha Gautama was a prince who left his family and wealth to travel. In his travels, he saw much suffering and questioned the need for suffering. Legend tells he meditated under a tree for 49 days, and then he understood. For the rest of his life, Siddhartha traveled to tell people about his discovery. C. Nirvana, a state of wisdom, occurs when a person gives up all desires. D. The core of Buddha’s teaching is called the Four Noble Truths. The Eightfold Path describes the steps to eliminate suffering. E. Buddhism divided into Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism. Theravada Buddhists believe the Buddha was a great teacher, not a deity. Mahayana Buddhists believe the Buddha was a deity who came to save people. F. Tibet is a country in central Asia where Mahayana Buddhism mixed with traditional Tibetan religion and Hinduism to create a special kind of Mahayana Buddhism. G. In Tibet, religious leaders, called lamas, headed the government. The Dalai Lama was the government leader, and the Panchen Lama was the religious leader. H. A theocracy is a form of government in which religious leaders head the government. I. Jainism is another religion that challenged Hinduism. Jains believe in nonviolence to all living creatures and live a strict life. Ahimsa, the Jain practice of nonviolence, has influenced many people in modern times, including Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. Why was Buddhism popular with people of lower castes? (The Buddha taught that a person’s life depended on the person, not the caste into which the person was born. He believed that a person could stop being reborn by following the Eightfold Path. This gave lower caste people 2