Download Aim 30 and 31 Practice Living Environment

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Aim 30 and 31 Practice
1. Which process is illustrated in the diagram
below?
Living Environment
3. When humans first domesticated dogs, there was
relatively little diversity in the species. Today,
there are many variations such as the German
shepherd and the dalmatian. This increase in
diversity is most closely associated with
1)
2)
3)
4)
environmental influences on inherited traits
cloning of selected body cells
selective breeding
mitotic cell division
4. The diagram below represents a common
laboratory technique in molecular genetics.
1)
2)
3)
4)
chromatography
genetic engineering
meiosis
direct harvesting
2. The diagram below represents a technique used in
some molecular biology laboratories.
One common use of this technology is the
1) introduction of a toxic substance to kill
bacterial cells
2) change of single-celled organisms to
multicellular organisms
3) production of hormones or enzymes to
replace missing human body chemicals
4) production of a human embryo to aid women
who are unable to have children
What is this technique an example of?
1)
2)
3)
4)
direct harvesting
gel electrophoresis
genetic engineering
chromatography
5. Many diabetics are now using insulin that was
made by certain bacteria. The ability of these
bacteria to produce insulin can be attributed to
which action?
1) deleting many DNA segments from bacterial
DNA
2) inserting a portion of human DNA into the
ring-shaped DNA of bacteria
3) using radiation to trigger mutations
4) genetic mapping of bacterial DNA to activate
the gene for insulin production
Aim 30 and 31 Practice
6. Bacteria in culture A produce slime capsules
around their cell walls. A biologist removed the
DNA from some of the bacteria in culture A and
injected it into bacteria in culture B, which
normally do not produce slime capsules. After the
injection, bacteria with slime capsules began to
appear in culture B. What conclusion can best be
drawn from this investigation?
1) The bacteria in culture A are mutations.
2) Bacteria reproduce faster when they have
slime capsules.
3) DNA is most likely involved in the
production of slime capsules.
4) The slime capsules of bacteria in culture B
contain DNA.
7. What has genetic engineering been used to
produce?
1)
2)
3)
4)
human growth hormone
salivary amylase
uric acid crystals
hydrochloric acid
8. The diagram below represents one technique used in biotechnology.
The organic compound used to cut the bacterial DNA so that the human DNA could be inserted is a
1) molecular base
3) specific enzyme
2) carbohydrate
4) hormone
Aim 30 and 31 Practice
9. For those individuals who have an allergic reaction
to cats, a company in Los Angeles promises relief.
They offer a new line of cats genetically modified
to eliminate or reduce their allergy-causing
properties. The development of this new line of
cats most likely involved
1) using natural selection to produce a new
variety of cat
2) manipulating the DNA of cats
3) altering the reproductive rate of cats
4) changing the behavior of cats
10. One variety of strawberry is resistant to a
damaging fungus, but produces small fruit.
Another strawberry variety produces large fruit,
but is not resistant to the same fungus. The two
desirable qualities may be combined in a new
variety of strawberry plant by
1)
2)
3)
4)
selective breeding
direct harvesting
cloning
asexual reproduction
11. To produce large tomatoes that are resistant to
cracking and splitting, some seed companies use
the pollen from one variety of tomato plant to
fertilize a different variety of tomato plant. This
process is an example of
1)
2)
3)
4)
12. The diagram below illustrates some key steps of a
procedure in one area of biotechnology.
What would the letter Xmost likely represent?
1) human cells that are able to synthesize
antibodies
2) human cells that are unable to resist
antibiotics
3) bacterial cells that are unable to synthesize
insulin
4) bacterial cells that are able to synthesize
insulin
13. Base your answer to the following question on
the diagram below and on your knowledge of
biology.
DNA sequencing
selective breeding
cloning
direct harvesting
The technique illustrated in the diagram is known as
1) cloning
3) protein synthesis
2) in vitro fertilization
4) genetic engineering
Aim 30 and 31 Practice
14. Cotton plants produce seeds that contain
high-quality protein. This protein could be used
as a food source except that the seeds are
poisonous to humans. Recently, scientists have
inserted a section of DNA into the cotton plants
that makes the cotton seeds nonpoisonous. The
technique for this procedure is known as
1)
2)
3)
4)
cloning
gene manipulation
reproduction
direct harvesting
15. If a gene is inserted into the DNA of a bacterial
cell, every cell produced by that cell will have
1) DNA that is different from that of the other
cells produced
2) a copy of the inserted gene
3) a new type of DNA base
4) a 50% chance of having a copy of the
inserted gene
16. Which laboratory procedure has made possible
the development of bacteria that can synthesize
human insulin?
1)
2)
3)
4)
screening of body fluids
genetic engineering
karyotyping
amniocentesis
Aim 30 and 31 Practice
17. The photographs below show different varieties of cattle and characteristics of each variety.
Which statement best explains the development of variety C?
1) Selective breeding was used to combine desirable traits from both varieties A and B.
2) Nuclei from body cells taken from variety A were inserted into egg cells lacking nuclei taken
from variety B.
3) The need to adapt to changes in the environment led to the selection of advantageous
characteristics in the offspring of variety B.
4) Mutations that occurred in the body cells of variety A were passed on to the offspring generation
after generation.
18. Artificial selection is illustrated by
1) a gardener producing a new hybrid by
cross-pollinating plants
2) the appearance of a new species on an
isolated island
3) random mating taking place in a population
4) wind assisting the pollination of grass in a
field
19. Which statement best describes the result of some
of the processes involved in genetic engineering?
1) They reduce variation in organisms that
reproduce asexually.
2) They are necessary for normal gamete
formation.
3) They provide energy for mitosis and
meiosis.
4) They alter the arrangement of hereditary
material.
20. Using special enzymes, scientists have
successfully removed the gene that controls the
production of interferon and have inserted this
gene into the DNA of certain bacteria. These
bacteria can now produce interferon. This
technique is known as
1)
2)
3)
4)
differentiation
karyotyping
amniocentesis
genetic engineering
Answer Key
LE Support Selective breeding Genetic Engineering
1.
2
2.
3
3.
3
4.
3
5.
2
6.
3
7.
1
8.
3
9.
2
10.
1
11.
2
12.
4
13.
4
14.
2
15.
2
16.
2
17.
1
18.
1
19.
4
20.
4