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Diversity And Classification of Flowering Plants: Eudicots ca. 75% of all angiosperms! Michael G. Simpson CARYOPHYLLALES encompass a traditional group formerly known as the Centrospermae (or Caryophyllidae, after Cronquist, 1981, and Takhtajan, 1999). Caryophyllales! Nepenthaceae Cactaceae Portulacaceae Caryophyllaceae Droseraceae Polygonaceae Nyctaginaceae Polygonaceae - Buckwheat family (meaning "many knees," from swollen nodes found in some species) 46 genera / 1,100 species. Leaves simple, spiral, with or without a stipular ocrea Inflorescence of fasciculate units Flowers small, actinomorphic Perianth 3+3 or 5 (quincuncial) tepals connate Ovary usually 3-carpellate Ovule single, basal, mostly orthotropous Fruit a usually 3-sided achene or nutlet P (3+3) or (5) A 3+3, 8 G (3), superior, hypanthium absent or present. Polygonaceae - Buckwheat family The Polygonaceae are typically classified into two subfamilies: Polygonoideae, with ocrea present Eriogonoideae, with ocrea absent Members of the family have a worldwide distribution, especially in the northern temperate hemisphere. Economic importance includes edible plants, such as: Fagopyrum esculentum, buckwheat Rheum xhybridum, rhubarb Medicinal plants; timber, charcoal, and tanning plants Cultivated ornamentals, such as Antigonon leptopus, coral vine, Muelenbeckia, and Polygonum. Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat Rheumxhybridium Rhubarb ocrea Persicaria amphibia WaterSmartweed Polygonaceae Rumex crispus CurlyDock ocrea Rumex salicifolius WillowDock ocrea Aconogonon davisiae Polygonaceae ocrea Antigonon leptopus CoralVine Polygonaceae Chorizanthe douglasii Douglas’sSpineflower Polygonaceae Chorizanthe fimbriata var.fimbriata FringedSpineflower Chorizanthe leptotheca PeninsularSpineflower Coccoloba diversifolia Seagrape/PigeonPlum Polygonaceae shrub;leavesfasciculate,lineartooblanceolate;marginsrevolute. Eriogonum fasciculatum CaliforniaBuckwheat Polygonaceae Eriogonum fasciculatum CaliforniaBuckwheat Polygonaceae Eriogonum fasciculatum CaliforniaBuckwheat VarietiesinCalifornia: 60. Leaf blades narrowly linear to oblanceolate, <= 2 cm, generally strongly clustered; widespread ..... E. fasciculatum 61. Leaves thinly white-tomentose abaxially, glabrous adaxially; flowers, involucres generally glabrous; plant generally decumbent; Central Coast ..... var. fasciculatum 61' Leaves, flowers, involucres hairy, if ± glabrous then plant of deserts; plant erect to rounded; California Floristic Province, East of Sierra Nevada, D 62. Leaves light yellow-green, glabrous or ± so adaxially; involucres, flowers glabrous or occasionally hairy; Desert ..... var. flavoviride 62' Leaves dark green or ± gray, generally hairy adaxially; involucres, flowers hairy; California Floristic Province, East of Sierra Nevada, D 63. Inflorescence open, mostly cyme-like; leaves densely white-tomentose abaxially, less so to green, sparsely tomentose adaxially, margins generally tightly rolled under; Central Western California, Southwestern California, occasionally Northwestern California, Desert ..... var. foliolosum 63' Inflorescence head- to umbel-like (or cyme-like); leaves gray-hairy on both surfaces or densely gray-tomentose abaxially, gray-hairy adaxially, margins not or occasionally rolled under; s Sierra Nevada, Inner South Coast Ranges, e South Coast, Transverse Ranges, e Peninsular Ranges, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert ..... var. polifolium var.fasciculatum var.foliolosum var.polifolium Eriogonum latifolium SeasideWildBuckwheat Polygonaceae Eriogonum saxatile HoaryWildBuckwheat