Download Plant structures and tissues - Ms. Pasic

Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)
…the most abundant vascular plants
Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)
…the most abundant vascular plants
Classification of Plants

PLANTS
Kingdom
- Subkingdom
- Division

Class

Order
Bryophytes (non-vascular)
Tracheophytes vascular
Mosses, liverworts, hornworts
has xylem and phloem
Tracheophytes – Vascular plants

“Roots and Shoots”
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

Above ground = shoots
Under ground = roots
Three tissue types




PLANTS
Dermal tissues
Vascular tissues
Ground tissues
Major organs (non-reproductive)



Leaf
Stem
Root
Tracheophytes vascular
has xylem and phloem
Tracheophytes – Vascular plants

“Roots and Shoots”



Three tissue types




Above ground = shoots
Under ground = roots
Dermal tissues
Vascular tissues
Ground tissues
Major organs (non-reproductive)



Leaf
Stem
Root

Meristemic Tissue – only regions where cells divide
repeatedly by mitosis (sites of growth)
Tissue
Description
Function
apical meristem
at root and shoot tips
primary growth – increases in
LENGTH
lateral meristem
cylinders of tissue within roots
and stems
secondary growth – increases in
diameter

Tissue
Dermal – a plants skin (protective)
Description
Function
Epidermis
-outermost cell layer in primary growth
regions
Produces waxy cuticle – prevents
water loss and infection, restricts
gas exchange
Periderm
-outside layer at sites experiencing
secondary growth
-replaces epidermis
-often multiple cell layers
Waterproofs roots and stems,
protects inner tissues from
structural damage

Ground – all the internal nonvascular regions
Tissue
Description
Function
Parenchyma
Spherical, thin-celled walls with large -Storage of nutrients, carbs (sugars
vacuoles
and starches) and water
-heals wounds, regenerates plant
parts
Collenchyma
Long cells with thickened cell walls
Sclerenchyma -very thick secondary cell wall of
cellulose and lignin
-long cells
-strength
-supports primary growth regions
-flexibility to withstand wind
-Strength and rigidity

Tissue
Xylem
Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)
Description
Function
-tracheids long, tapered, thick-walled cells with
Transports water and
overlapping ends and pits (unthickened areas) on cell dissolved minerals, usually
walls
upward from roots to leaves
-vessel elements – short, large diameter thick walled
cells with open ends; stacked like barrels to make
vessels

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)
Tissue
Description
Function
Phloem
Sieve tube elements – long thin cells with tiny holes
at the sloping ends (a sieve), and pits along side alls;
no nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi, vacuoles, stacked to
form sieve tubes
-transports food (sugars etc)
from leaves to the plant body
Companion cells: direct
sieve tubes
Classification of Plants

- Subkingdom
- Division

PLANTS
Kingdom
Bryophytes (non-vascular)
Tracheophytes vascular
Mosses, liverworts, hornworts
has xylem and phloem
Lycophytes
(club mosses)
Class
Dicots
Amborellales

Order
Spore producing
Seed producing
(ferns)
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms (seed
(cone bearing)
enclosed flowering plants)
Eudicotyledons
Dicots
(2/3 of all angiosperms)
Nymphaeales
Other early
Dicots
angiosperms Dicots
Monocotyledons
(1/4 of all angiosperms)
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Eudicots (Dicots)
Comparing
Monocots
and
Eudicots/
Dicots
Leaf Venation
Actual pictures:
http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html
Practice Problems (HomeFUN!)
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
Read section 13.2 – pages 544-550
Page 551
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Questions 1-3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14