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Photosynthesis What it is All organisms need energy to survive (and grow). We get that energy from eating food. A producer makes their food through photosynthesis Photo means “Light” and synthesis means “to put together” What do plants need to go through photosynthesis? 1. Water 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Light Water Plants absorb water through their roots The formula for water is H2O Carbon Dioxide Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) through their leaves. Leaves have tiny openings called Stomata (means “little mouths”) that allow the carbon dioxide and other gases to enter and exit the plant Stomata Light Plants use the energy of light using chlorophyll C55H72O5N4Mg Chlorophyll is the pigment that makes leaves green Fun Fact! Chlorophyll mostly absorbs blue and red wavelengths from sunlight. Therefore, it reflects the middle part of this visible spectrum, the green wavelengths. This is why plants look green to us. The color of a pigment is the wavelength of light that is reflected, or the wavelength that is not absorbed. What happens when you put it all together When you add all of the ingredients along with sunlight, the plant converts the water and carbon dioxide into 2 things: 1. Glucose (a type of carbohydrate/ sugar) 2. Oxygen Converting molecules The 6 molecules of water are added with the 6 molecules of carbon dioxide Light provides the energy to convert them They rearrange and become glucose and oxygen No new atoms are added or taken away Clay Models Blue - Oxygen atoms Grey - Carbon atoms Orange - Hydrogen Create 6 water (H2O) molecules Create 6 carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules Roll the clay into spheres and use the toothpicks to connect them DO NOT MIX THE COLORS!!! Do the math Let’s count how many of each atom we have created How many oxygen atoms? How many hydrogen atoms? How many carbon atoms? Now, on your own, “convert” your molecules Now take the same atoms and sticks and change them from 6 and 6 carbon dioxide molecules to 1 water molecules glucose molecule and 6 water molecules (Remember, when we convert these into glucose and oxygen molecules, we will not add or take away any atoms) Congratulations Like a producer, you just converted water and carbon dioxide into glucose (food for yourself) and oxygen (which you will release into the atmosphere for animals to breathe) Thanks for helping the planet! Energy Pyramid Now we know that energy begins with photosynthesis A lot of the energy that comes down from the sun is lost The producer only ends up getting about 10% of that energy Then, the primary consumer (the organism that eats that producer) only gets 10% of that energy! And so on…. By the time we get to the decomposer, there is very little energy left! Add the three diagrams on my DP to your weebly under “Ecosystems” The buttons are called “Photosynthesis Pic 1”, “Photosynthesis Pic 2” and “Energy Pyramid”